Publications
Lamaakal, I., Yahyati, C., Charroud, Z., El Makkaoui, K., Ouahbi, I., Maleh, Y., ... & Niyato, D. (2025). Tiny deep learning models with hybrid compression techniques for gesture-based air handwriting recognition of English alphabets on edge device. IEEE Internet of Things Journal.
Lamaakal, I., Yahyati, C., Maleh, Y., El Makkaoui, K., Ouahbi, I., & Niyato, D. (2025). An explainable tiny-fast Kolmogorov–Arnold network for gesture-based air handwriting recognition of tifinagh letters in resource-constrained IoT device. IEEE Internet of Things Journal.
Essahraui, S., Lamaakal, I., Maleh, Y., El Makkaoui, K., Bouami, M. F., Ouahbi, I., ... & Abd El-Latif, A. A. (2025). FastKAN-DDD: A novel fast Kolmogorov-Arnold network-based approach for driver drowsiness detection optimized for TinyML deployment. PLoS One, 20(11), e0332577.
Hamdaoui, I., Rami, C., El Allali, Z., & El Makkaoui, K. (2025). H-RT-IDPS: A Hierarchical Real-Time Intrusion Detection and Prevention System for the Smart Internet of Vehicles via TinyML-Distilled CNN and Hybrid BiLSTM-XGBoost Models. Technologies, 13(12), 572.
Lamaakal, I., Yahyati, C., Maleh, Y., El Makkaoui, K., Ouahbi, I., El-Latif, A. A. A., ... & El-Rahiem, B. A. (2025). A tiny inertial transformer for human activity recognition via multimodal knowledge distillation and explainable AI. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 42335.
Yahyati, C., Lamaakal, I., Maleh, Y., El Makkaoui, K., Ouahbi, I., Almousa, M., & Abd El-Latif, A. A. (2025). A Systematic Review of State-of-the-Art TinyML Applications in Healthcare, Education, and Transportation. IEEE Access, 13, 204513-204562.
Essahraui, S., Lamaakal, I., Maleh, Y., El Makkaoui, K., Bouami, M. F., Ouahbi, I., ... & Rodrigues, J. J. (2025). Human behavior analysis: A comprehensive survey on techniques, applications, challenges, and future directions. IEEE Access.
Essahraui, S., Lamaakal, I., El Hamly, I., Maleh, Y., Ouahbi, I., El Makkaoui, K., ... & Abd El-Latif, A. A. (2025). Real-Time Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Facial Analysis and Machine Learning Techniques. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 25(3), 812.
Fartitchou, M., Lamaakal, I., El Makkaoui, K., El Allali, Z., & Maleh, Y. (2025). BlockMEDC: Blockchain Smart Contracts for Securing Moroccan Higher Education Digital Certificates. IEEE Access. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3546177
Fartitchou, M., Lamaakal, I., Maleh, Y., El Makkaoui, K., El Allali, Z., Pławiak, P., ... & A. Abd El-Latif, A. (2024). IOTASDN: IOTA 2.0 smart contracts for securing software-defined networking ecosystem. Sensors, 24(17), 5716. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175716
Essahraui, S., Bouyardan, M., El Hamly, I., El Makkaoui, K., Ouahbi, I., & Filali Bouami, M. (2024, April). Enhancing Exam Integrity in Moroccan Higher Education: An AI-Based Fingerprint Verification Model. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Networking, Intelligent Systems and Security (pp. 1-5). https://doi.org/10.1145/3659677.3659720
Lamaakal, I., El Mourabit, N., El Makkaoui, K., Ouahbi, I., & Maleh, Y. (2024, October). Efficient Gesture-Based Recognition of Tifinagh Characters in Air Handwriting with a TinyDL Model. In 2024 Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Computing in Data Sciences (ICDS) (pp. 1-8). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDS62089.2024.10756483
Kherimiche, A., Ouahbi, I., & El Makkaoui, K. (2024, October). Hyperspectral Image Classification Using Deep Learning: A Recent Overview. In 2024 Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Computing in Data Sciences (ICDS) (pp. 1-8). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDS62089.2024.10756472
Lamaakal, I., Maleh, Y., Ouahbi, I., El Makkaoui, K., & Abd El-Latif, A. A. (2024, May). A Deep Learning-Powered TinyML Model for Gesture-Based Air Handwriting Simple Arabic Letters Recognition. In International Conference on Digital Technologies and Applications (pp. 32-42). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-68675-7_4
Boussihmed, A., El Makkaoui, K., Ouahbi, I., Maleh, Y., & Chetouani, A. (2024). A TinyML model for sidewalk obstacle detection: aiding the blind and visually impaired people. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-024-20070-9
Essahraui, S., Ouahbi, I., Makkaoui, K. E., & Filali Bouami, M. (2024). A deep learning-driven fingerprint verification model for enhancing exam integrity in Moroccan higher education. Information Security Journal: A Global Perspective, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/19393555.2024.2374247
Lamaakal, I., El Makkaoui, K., Ouahbi, I., & Maleh, Y. (2024). A TinyML Model for Gesture-Based Air Handwriting Arabic Numbers Recognition. Procedia Computer Science, 236, 589-596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.05.070
Boukraa, L., Essahraui, S., Maleh, Y., El Makkaoui, K., Ouahbi, I., & Esbai, R. (2024). MACHINE LEARNING-BASED INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEMS FOR SDN: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY USING KNIME. EDPACS, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/07366981.2024.2360840
Lamaakal, I., Ouahbi, I., El Makkaoui, K., Maleh, Y., Pławiak, P., & Alblehai, F. (2024). A TinyDL Model for Gesture-Based Air Handwriting Arabic Numbers and Simple Arabic Letters Recognition. IEEE Access. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3406631
El Mrabet, H., El Mrabet, M. A., El Makkaoui, K., Ait Moussa, A., & Blej, M. (2023, October). Using Machine Learning to Enhance Personality Prediction in Education. In The Proceedings of the International Conference on Smart City Applications (pp. 373-383). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54376-0_34
Boussihmed, A., El Makkaoui, K., Chetouani, A., Ouahbi, I., & Maleh, Y. (2023, November). An Intelligent Model for Detecting Obstacles on Sidewalks for Visually Impaired People. In The International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Environment (pp. 398-404). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48573-2_57
Boukraa, L., Essahraui, S., El Makkaoui, K., Ouahbi, I., & Esbai, R. (2023, November). Intrusion Detection in Software-Defined Networking Using Machine Learning Models. In The International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Environment (pp. 49-57). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48573-2_8
Hamdaoui, I., El Makkaoui, K., & El Allali, Z. (2023, November). Securing Big Data: Current Challenges and Emerging Security Techniques. In The International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Environment (pp. 130-137). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48573-2_19
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