Review - 1st & 2nd Temple periods: Historical Figures & Events

Events

First Temple Period

David conquers Jerusalem from the Jebusites (ca. 1000 BCE)

King Solomon builds Temple

Destruction of first Temple by Babylonians and exile of people to Babylon (586 BCE)

Return to Zion

King Cyrus issues decree (539 BCE) permitting Jews to return to Jerusalem & rebuild the Temple

Opposition by the "peoples of the land" to rebuilding of the Temple

Nehemiah rebuilds the walls of Jerusalem

Greek Rule - Hasmonean Rule

Alexander the Great conquers Palestine (332 BCE)

Ptolemies rule Palestine (300-200 BCE)

Antiochus III (Seleucid king) confirms Jewish privileges in Judea (200 BCE)

Jason and Menelaus struggle over the high priesthood

Jason establishes the polis of "Antioch in Jerusalem"

Antiochus IV decrees that the people of his empire were to abandon their own laws and religions (outlaws practice of Judaism) - 166 BCE

Maccabees lead revolt against Antiochus, retake Jerusalem, and rededicate Temple (164 BCE)

Roman Rule

Romans take over Judea (63 BCE)

Herod's rebuilding of the Temple & Temple Mount

Herod's building projects - Caesarea, Sebaste

Jewish Revolts against Rome

Pilate orders Roman standards be brought into Jerusalem - leads to Jewish demonstration in Caesarea against Romans

First Revolt against Roman rule - 66-73 CE

Second Revolt (Bar Kochba Revolt) against Roman rule - 135-138 CE