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"How to make an animal & plant cell model"

INTRODUCTION

All animal and Plant cells are multicellular eukaryotic cells. Animal and plant cells are surrounded by plasma membrane and it contains the nucleus and organelles that are membrane bound.

Animal cells do not have a cell wall which makes animal cells irregular in size and shape. Plant Cells have a cell wall and are usually rectangular in shape. Household products can be used to make an animal and plant cell model.

MATERIALS

• • Plum & Alvocado

  • Gumdrops

  • Fruit roll-up

  • Gummy fruit snacks

  • Green jelly bean

  • Pretzels

  • Raisins

  • Peppercorns

  • Gummy Worms

  • Toothpicks

  • Round/rectangular bowl/baking dish

  • Cell Gelatin or clear Jello

2. Get round bowl/baking dish to mold clear gelatin for animal & plant cell

· Melt Cell Gel or Gelatin to make mold

3. Add cell parts to Gelatin

· Put nucleus near middle

· Place centrosomes near the nucleus

· Place Golgi Body near nucleus

· Put Smooth ER near nucleus

· Add Rough ER on the other side of the smooth ER

· Arrange other parts where there is room

Plant Model Parts added to Gel

4. Allow mold to set and gel together for 1 hour

5. Label cell parts using toothpick and labels

Plant Cell Model Completed

Animal Cell Model Completed

SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES

An animal & plant cell contains many parts and functions that are carried out by different organelles. An animal and plant cell contains:

Cell nucleus- is the control center for cell & contains DNA

Mitochondria-is the power house for the cell. It produces energy for the cell called ATP.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum- In charge of making proteins in the cell.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum- packages proteins. It also has ribosomes attached to it which makes it rough.

Cytoplasm- all organelles float in cytoplasm to hold the organelles together.

Ribosomes- are protein builders that are made up of RNA .

Nucleolus- is located inside nucleus and produces RNA.

Lysosomes- is where cell digestion takes place in animal cell.

Centrioles-helps cell divides and organize chromosomes in animal cell.

Cell Membrane- is the outer layer that surrounds animal cell. Controls what comes in and out of the animal cell.

Vacuole-stores fluid and nutrients for cell. Smaller in an animal cell and bigger in a plant cell.

Golgi Body- works to move protein on outside of cell and process protein from ribosomes.

Chloroplast- ls located in a plant cell. photosynthesis takes place to provide food for the cell.

Cell Wall- is present in plant cell only. Cell wall is there to protect cell and it gives the plant cell its shape.

Investigation Questions:

Part 1

Which organelle does each cell have only one of?

Each cell only has one nucleus, cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm

Which organelles does each cell have more than one of?

Each cell has more than one mitochondria, Rough ER, Smooth ER, Ribosomes, vacuole

What is the advantage of having more than one of these

organelles?

The advantage of having more organelles is that energy is being provided to the cell.

Which organelle is both “free” in the cytoplasm and attached to the endoplasmic reticulum?

The organelle that is free in the cytoplasm and are attached to the ER are the ribosomes.

Why is pairing with the endoplasmic reticulum a good “match”?

Ribosomes are a good match for the ER because they are protein builders that make proteins that will be used inside the cell and proteins made

for export out of the cell.

Part 2

Differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic:

• Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.

• Both cells are surrounded by plasma membrane which is made of double layer of phospholipids.

• Bacteria is a prokaryotic cell unlike eukaryotic it lacks chloroplast and mitochondria