Embedded Files
Part A
Introduction
How do organisms grow and develop? How is the cell cycle regulated?
Description- In this experiment, the student will make a model of mitosis using a kit.
Mitosis is nuclear division plus cytokinesis, and produces two identical daughter cells during prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Interphase is often included in discussions of mitosis, but interphase is technically not part of mitosis, but rather encompasses stages G1, S, and G2 of the cell cycle.
Materials-
1. Cell Cytoplasm 1/4 Fragments (8)
2. Nucleus (blue halves)(4)
3. Nucleus (orange halves)(4)
4. Nucleolus (2)
5. Aster (2)
6. Centriole (2)
7. Anaphase Cleavage Furrow (2)
8. Telophase Cleavage Furrow (20
9. Spindle Fiber (large)(8)
10. Spindle Fiber (small)(8)
11. Chromosome double strand (red, yellow, blue, green)(1 of each)
12. Sister Chromatid X-shape (red, yellow, blue, green)(1 of each)
13. Sister Chromatid V-shape (red, yellow, blue, green)(2 of each)
Procedures:
Interphase:
1. Start building the cell cytoplasm.
2. Add the cell nucleus.
3. Add the nucleolus and centrioles.
Prophase:
1. Remove the nucleolus.
2. Add chromatin.
3. Make the chromatin into sister chromatids.
4. Join the sister chromatids at the centromere.
5. Add spindle fibers.
Metaphase:
1. Remove the nucleus.
2. Align the sister chromatids at the equator of the cell.
3. Add the spindle fibers.
Anaphase:
1. Two triangular anaphase cleavage furrows
need to be added.
2. Add cytoplasm.
3. Continue to build the elongated cell.
4. Add the centriole and aster to the elongated anaphase cell.
Telophase:
1. Both nuclei are now visible.
2. Remove the large anaphase cleavage furrows.
3. Then insert the smaller telophase furrows.
4. Chromatids are now called chromosomes.
5. Asters are removed.
6. Spindle fibers are removed.
Cytokinesis:
1. Cleavage furrows are removed.
2. The chromosomes are back to their uncoiled invisible state.
3. The nucleolus re-appears. (Two daughter cells each)
Phases of Mitosis
By : Jerosh Jacob
Safety Regulations:
There are no particular safety regulations for this demonstration, because it does not involve chemicals, flammable substances, or electricity.
Explanation:
In this experiment, I observed the different phases of mitosis. The first step is prophase, the stage in which the chromosomes become visible as the nuclear envelope and the paired chromatids disappear. The second stange was metaphase, in which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers. Afterwards is anaphase, in which chromosomes move away from each other to opposite poles of the spindle. The fourth step is telophase, when chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed. After this process is cytokinesis, in which the cytoplasm is divided and separates into two daughter cells. This experiment provided an excellent visual for the stages of cell division.
Part B:
Investigation
Driving Question: How can mitosis be demonstrated in another way?
Materials:
- foam balls (5-6 inch diameter)
- colored wires, foam padding(3 mm thick)
- foam paint (red, blue, black, yellow)
Procedures:
1. Cut the balls in half
2. Glue the foam padding on to the flat side
3. Paint the different stages of mitosis onto the foam padding
4. Afterwards, connect the foam balls in order
Driving Question: How can a cell model be demonstrated?
Materials:
- foam balls or foam cubes (5-6 inch diameter)
- pipe cleaners
- foam paint (red, blue, black, yellow)
- fuzzy balls
- glue
- scissors
Procedures:
1. Cut your styrofoam in the shape you want it in
2. Paint your styrofoam material into the color of any cell.
2. Let the paint dry and then glue pipe cleaners or fuzzy balls to represent your cell organelles.
4. After letting the glue dry, you have a cell model.
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