Definition: May be acquired in utero, during delivery (perinatally) or postnatally. Is classified as early (<7 d of age) or late onset (>7 d of age)
Intrauterine PNA: Usually the result of maternal infection (TORCH infections)
Perinatal PNA: Often 2/2 GBS, but also by E. coli, Klebsiella sp., and C. trachomatis
Postnatal PNA: 2/2 resp viruses (adenovirus, RSV), Gram+ bacteria (Strep or Staph aureus), and gram-neg bacteria (Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Flavobacterium, Serratia marcescens, and E. coli)
Diagnostic studies: CXR (classic patchy infiltrates) 2/3 cases w/ pleural effusion
Management: Includes antibiotics, oxygen therapy, ventilatory support, ± pressors