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Dr. Ernil Sabaj
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    • EC916 Global Finance
    • EC956 Macroeconomics
    • EC134 International Finance
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Dr. Ernil Sabaj
  • Home
  • Research
  • Teaching
    • EC916 Global Finance
    • EC956 Macroeconomics
    • EC134 International Finance
  • Talks
  • Resources
  • Calls for papers
  • Training
  • CV
  • More
    • Home
    • Research
    • Teaching
      • EC916 Global Finance
      • EC956 Macroeconomics
      • EC134 International Finance
    • Talks
    • Resources
    • Calls for papers
    • Training
    • CV

Research

Publications

How do sectoral elasticities affect the transmission of monetary shocks?

Journal of Economic Studies, 2024

DOI · SUERF Policy Brief No 1026

Monetary Policy in a Small Open Economy with Non-Separable Government Spending

with H. Troug · Journal of Economic Studies, 2024

DOI

Does it matter where and how governments spend?

with R. Sbia and H. Troug · Economics Letters, 2023

DOI · SUERF Policy Brief No 606

Working papers

Fiscal composition and financial intermediation

Credit spreads have widened in every recession since 1986 (shaded). The paper asks how financial intermediation changes the output effects of public investment and public consumption.

Oil-market news and U.S. house prices

Oil and house prices rose in the 2000s and fell in 2008, so their correlation says little about cause. The paper isolates oil news using WTI futures surprises around 140 OPEC announcements, 1989–2024.

Government spending under trend inflation

Average inflation in 2000–2019 ran from 0.1 percent in Japan to 16.3 percent in Türkiye. The paper asks how that difference shapes the response of private consumption to government spending.

Climate Change, Sovereign Debt Sustainability, and Fiscal Vulnerability

with E. Abdulla

Presented at

  • 57th Annual Conference of the Money, Macro and Finance Society, Lancaster, UK, September 2026 (presented by coauthor)

  • European Economics and Finance Society Annual Conference, Sevilla, Spain, June 2026 (presented by coauthor)

Fiscal Composition and Financial Intermediation

with Q. Wan

Previously circulated as “Government Investment vs. Consumption: Fiscal Multipliers under Financial Frictions”

Shortlisted for the Young Economist Best Paper, 28th INFER Annual Conference (2026)

How does financial intermediation affect the choice between government investment and consumption?

Online appendix

Abstract

We compare the output effects of government investment and consumption in a New Keynesian model where public capital raises the return to private capital and firms finance part of their investment through constrained intermediaries. Which of the two raises output more depends on when public projects become productive and on how firms finance their complementary investment.

Presented at

  • 12th Hong Kong Economic Association Biennial Conference, University of Macau, China, June 2026 (presented by coauthor)

  • 28th INFER Annual Conference & FI BA XXIII International Conference on Finance and Banking, Bucharest, Romania, June 2026 (shortlisted for the Young Economist Best Paper)

How Many Historical Events Identify a State-Dependent Local Projection? Fiscal News and Sectoral Employment Reallocation

Previously circulated as “State-Dependent Labour Mobility Responses to Macroeconomic Shocks: Does the Type of Recession Matter?”

How many historical episodes support a state-dependent estimate? For U.S. fiscal news, the estimated response when inflation and unemployment are both high rests on about one effective event, 1981Q1.

Online appendix · SUERF Policy Brief No 1382

Abstract

Using sectoral mobility data for 1947–2026 and the four-state decomposition of Jo and Zubairy (2025), I show that the type of recession shapes how macroeconomic shocks move workers across sectors.

Presented at

  • 32nd International Conference on Computing in Economics and Finance (CEF), Venice, Italy, July 2026

  • 10th International Ioannina Meeting on Applied Economics and Finance, Syros, Greece, June 2026

  • 13th Meeting of the Nordic Econometric Network, Helsinki, Finland, June 2026

Oil-Market News and U.S. House Prices: Evidence from OPEC Announcements

with Q. Li

Previously circulated as “Oil Price Shocks and US House Prices: The Role of Credit Conditions”

We study U.S. house-price responses to oil-market news using settlement-day surprises in twelve-month WTI futures around 140 OPEC announcements over 1989–2024.

Online appendix

Abstract

For news that raises the oil price by 10 percent, the largest first-year house-price point estimate is about 1 percent below baseline, but it is not distinguishable from zero under leverage-adjusted inference. Non-shelter consumer prices rise immediately while shelter prices respond later, and a calibrated two-sector model generates a falling relative house price through greater oil-cost exposure in non-housing production.

Presented at

  • 18th Annual Meeting of The Portuguese Economic Journal, Lisbon, Portugal, July 2025

  • XXVII Applied Economics Meeting, Murcia, Spain, June 2025

  • XXV Conference on International Economics and XII Meeting on International Economics, Alicante, Spain, June 2024 (presented by coauthor)

  • The 2024 RCEA International Conference in Economics, Econometrics, and Finance, London, UK, May 2024

  • 24th Scottish Economic Society Annual Conference, Glasgow, UK, April 2024

  • 17th South-Eastern European Economic Research Workshop of the Bank of Albania, Tirana, Albania, December 2023 (presented by coauthor)

Why services wage stickiness drives U.S. inflation

Previously circulated as “Sectoral Shocks, Labor Mobility and Heterogeneity in Price/Wage Stickiness”

An eleven-sector New Keynesian model, estimated on U.S. data, of how sectoral differences in price and wage stickiness shape aggregate inflation.

Online appendix

Abstract

Aggregate US inflation hides wide differences across sectors, and those differences are lopsided: inflation rates and how often firms change prices vary across product categories by more than a factor of ten, while how often wages are reset barely varies at all.

Presented at

  • Bank of Albania Friday Seminar Series, Tirana, Albania, May 2025

  • 54th Annual Conference of the Money, Macro and Finance Society, Portsmouth, UK, September 2023

  • Society for Computational Economics 29th International Conference on Computing in Economics and Finance, Nice, France, July 2023

  • 27th International Conference on Macroeconomic Analysis and International Finance, Crete, Greece, May 2023

  • 47th Simposio de la Asociación Española de Economía-Spanish Economic Association (SAEe), Valencia, Spain, December 2022

  • 25th Central Bank of Colombia Macroeconomic Modelling Workshop, Virtual, November 2022

  • 2nd Bank of Lithuania Invited Lecture Series and Conference, Vilnius, Lithuania, September 2022

  • EcoMod2022 International Conference on Economic Modelling and Data Science, Slovenia/Online, September 2022

  • Warsaw International Economic Meeting 17th Conference, Warsaw, Poland, June 2022

  • Economics Research Students Annual Conference, University of Exeter, June 2021

  • Graduate Workshop, University of Exeter, February 2021

Government Spending under Trend Inflation: Real-Time Evidence and Fiscal Information

Previously circulated as “The effects of government spending under trend inflation: theory and empirics”

Reject & resubmit, European Economic Review

Does persistent inflation amplify the private-consumption response to government spending?

Online appendix

Abstract

Between-country comparisons suggest that it does; within-country evidence from first-release OECD forecast errors is more qualified. A New Keynesian model separates implementation, public news, spending timing, and measurement error.

Presented at

  • 2nd Baltic Central Banks’ Lecture Series and Workshop, Riga, Latvia, May 2025

  • The 6th Baltic Economic Conference, Tallinn, Estonia, June 2024

  • Warwick Macro and International Workshop, Coventry, UK, June 2024

  • 16th Annual Meeting of The Portuguese Economic Journal, Braga, Portugal, July 2023

  • EcoMod2023 International Conference on Economic Modeling and Data Science, Prague, July 2023

  • 19th Euroframe Conference on Economic Policy Issues in Europe, Sciences Po, Paris, France, June 2023

  • The Royal Economic Society’s 2021 Annual Conference, Online, April 2021

  • The Italian Economic Association 60th Annual Scientific Conference, Palermo, October 2019

  • Economics Research Students Annual Conference, University of Exeter, June 2019

  • Graduate Workshop, University of Exeter, November 2018

Work in progress

Recycling and the Transmission of Material Shocks

How recycled materials change the way supply shocks to raw materials spread through European production networks.

Carbon Pricing, Corporate Default, and Resolution in a Bank-Financed Economy

How carbon pricing affects firm default and exit when firms borrow from banks and liquidation is irreversible.

Debt Maturity and the Monetary–Fiscal Price of Geoeconomic Fragmentation

The fiscal side of tariffs: how tariff revenue, debt maturity and the monetary–fiscal policy mix shape their effect on prices.

Upstream Price Rigidity and Fragmentation Inflation

How the speed at which upstream commodity prices adjust changes the inflationary effect of tariffs.

Reform News and the Transmission of Monetary Policy

Whether U.S. output responds differently to monetary surprises when newspapers discuss regulatory change.

Incidence without Reallocation: Fiscal News and U.S. Industry Employment

Where news of higher government spending lands across U.S. industries, and whether it moves workers between them.

Pre-PhD work (3)

  • Determinant of Housing Rents in Urban Albania: An Empirical Hedonic Price Application with NSA Survey Data, with M. Kahveci. Eurasian Journal of Economics and Finance, 5(2), 51–65, 2017.

  • Cyclical Behaviour of Fiscal Policy in the Western Balkans, 2017 (MPRA).

  • Forecasting tax revenues in an emerging economy: The case of Albania, with M. Kahveci, 2016 (MPRA).

Refereeing

Journals: International Review of Economics and Finance, Bulletin of Economic Research, Journal of Economic Studies

Conferences: EAYE Annual Meeting, Royal Economic Society Conference

Ernil Sabaj, Department of Economics, Social Sciences Building, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United KingdomErnil.Sabaj@warwick.ac.uk | ernil.sabaj@gmail.com | Google Scholar | ORCID | LinkedIn | X (Twitter) | Warwick profileCharts and diagrams on this site are my own. Please cite this site if you reuse them; the data sources are named under each chart.
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