I am a Research Fellow of the Harvard University Herbaria hosted by Charles Davis and a Research Associate of the Field Museum. I am interested in improving our estimates of the global diversity of plants by understanding floristic patterns and forces that have generated those patterns. I achieve this through studies on select plant clades and targeted projects to inventory, describe, and conserve forests in South America. These interests in botany and evolutionary biology have arisen from lifelong exploration of wilderness and fascination with the diversity and ecological interactions of plants.

I earned my PhD in the Mason-Gamer lab at the University of Illinois at Chicago for my work on the biogeography, diversification, and domestication in the Coca family (cocaine, not chocolate). Systematic research on the coca family as well as the coca crops remains a primary focus of my research, but I have since expanded in to the Dryas and Pedicularis clades.

It is an honor and a privilege to be a scientist, especially as an investigator of the botany and history of coca. For many South Americans it is the single, most important physical material and a direct gift from mother earth, while others know it as the source of decades of violence and social disruption. It could be the world's most interesting plant. Read some more on the 'Coca Leaf' page. 

I am also leading a team effort to conduct floristic inventories and preserve the remaining forest fragments at the infamous Cerro Centinela in Western Ecuador. Please check out the '¡Viva Centinela!' page for news, information, and opportunities to assist, or join, our team.

A final dimension of my work focuses on improving our abilities to identify species and measure their characteristics by analyzing the spectrum of UV, visible, and infrared light reflected off of leaves. This focus was born via my first postdoc in the Ree Lab at the Field Museum in collaboration with Peter Nelson, Dudu Meireles, and the NSF ASCEND Biology Integration Institute.

Photos from the workplace:

Botanical surveys and conservation of endangered plants at Centinela, Ecuador, 2023:

Members of the team from the Gobierno Administrativo de Santo Domingo, Fundación Jocotoco, Field Museum, Harvard University, Herbario Nacional de Ecuador, Herbario QCA de la Universidad Pontificia Catolica del Ecuador, and Jardin Botanico Padre Julio Marrero at the splendid Cascadas de Cristal owned by Fabio Huertas (bottom center).
Nico Zapata with the critically endangered Amyris centinelensis!
New and absolutely tiny species of Gesneriad: Amalophyllon miraculum J.L. Clark et al. Boom! 
(L to R) Botanists Juan Carlos Cerón and Andrea Fernández drying and processing collections at the Herbario Nacional.
Collecting leaves for DNA and chemical analyses and for propagation in the conservation collection at the Jardín Botanico Padre Julio Marrero in Santo Domingo.
Leaf cuttings of Gasteranthus extinctus are prospering in cultivation at the Jardin Botanico Padre Julio Marrero!
Andrea Díaz and Juan Carlos Cerón with a collection of the critically endangered Browneopsis macrofoliolata at Bosque Y Cascadas Las Rocas, Ecuador, 2023.

Searching for Amazonian coca in Pastaza and Napo provinces, Ecuador, 2023:

Harvard PhD Student Justin Williams sharing his ipadú with members of the @animotrip media team at Sumak Kawsay In Situ research station, Ecuador. This is the pulverized coca leaf preparation typical of Amazonian tribes, which Justin made himself following his education by Witotos in the Colombian Amazon. 2023.

Research Station Sumak Kawsay In Situ. Pastaza, Ecuador, 2023.

Justin Williams and me atop a pile of cooked Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis stems and leaves at a communal ayawaska preparation center. Napo, Ecuador, 2023.
Simon Tapuy (R), President of the Guayusa Association, and father Don Tapuy underneath the mother tree of guayusa. An effective stimulant consumed as tea, guayusa is among the most important quotidian plants of the Kichwa. Sector Tambayacu, Pueblo Kichwa Rukullakta, Ecuador, 2023.
After searching for days in the Pueblo Kichwa Rukullakta, we found the second specimen known to science of Amazonian coca in Ecuador! (L to R) Dawson White, Lourdes Grefa, Andrea Cornejo, Abdón Grefa. 2022.

Studying coca with the Arhuacos in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, 2022:

Thank you to (L to R) Daniel Montoya (Proyecto Khoka), Alex Robles, Governor Danilo Villafaña, and Secretary Gunza Villafaña for joining and permitting coca research in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, in 2022.
Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, 2022
Coca is the most important material item for several cultures in the Sierra Nevada because it is the "key" to physical and spiritual interconnection with the earth and all of its communities.
The construction of any new Arhuaco house begins with the selection of coca seeds, planting of the cocal, and blessing of the Mamu.

Collecting coca and wild relatives and exploring Centinela, Ecuador, 2021:

Hunting a problematic species, Erythroxylum amazonicum, in the Cordillera del Condor, Ecuador, 2021
New Erythroxylum species from Loja Province, Ecuador, 2021
Josue Noguera and Daniel Montoya (Proyecto Khoka) in Carchi Province, Ecuador, 2021
The extant, Gasteranthus extinctus. Santo Domingo Province, Ecuador, 2021. Check out this website to learn more about our rediscovery of this plant and conservation efforts for its habitat
The Ecuador/Colombia border at Chical, Ecuador. I highly recommend a visit to Chical to chew some coca leaves, explore orchid-filled forests, and swim under amazing waterfalls.

Studies in the global species diversity and evolutionary history of Dryas, Colorado, USA, 2022:

There is no Dryas in the Wilson Range or anywhere west of Silverton, Colorado (2021), but will it eventually colonize here?
Dryas hookeriana, kiddos, Rocky Mountain National Park (2021)
Herbarium voucher preparation, Dryas hookeriana (2021)
Dryas hookeriana in wet tundra in Summit County, Colorado (2021)
Dryas hookeriana, in dry scree, Loveland pass, Colorado (2021)
Dryas hookeriana, glandular trichomes on midvein (2021).

Other tid-bits:

Surprise critter
Studio Proyecto Khoka, 2022
Proyecto Khoka, 2022
One of many cabinets of Erythroxylum among the ~2.7 million plant collections at the Field Museum herbarium, Chicago
Dryas ajanensis at Eagle Summit, Alaska (2019)
Leaf reflectance spectroradiometry, Alaska (2019)
Drone-based imaging spectroscropy, Alaska (2019)
Erythroxylum mucronatum, Junín, Peru (2014)
Erythroxylum coca, brevistylous/thrum flowers
Puerto Inirida, Colombia (2015)
Vanilla planifolia, happy in a palm swamp, Peru (2014)
Quantitiative vegetation inventory, San Juan Mountains, Colorado (2009)
Phlox congesta and Silene acaulis, Colorado (2017)
Hedgehog cactus (Echinocereus triglochidiatus), Colorado (2018)
Scree-loving Penstemon hallii, San Juan Mountains, Colorado (2020)

Diversions...

Pez lisa/Ladyfish (Elops saurus)
Golden trevally (Gnathanodon speciosus)
Golden trout (Oncorynchus aguabonita)
Pez gallo (Nematistius pectoralis)
Black Canyon NP
San Juan Mountains, CO
Lichen respect