Linux/Unix/Programming

I'm trying to cd as root/sudo but it doesn't work

Solution:

instead of sudo cd dir

do

sudo -i

and then

cd dir

How to kill multiple processes at once using command line?

With 'kill -9 processID' you can kill any process that you like however when you have many processes running, this might be time consuming. In this case, you can use 'grep' command to find your processes - then run kill -9 on all of them.

For example, if you have run a bash script called upload.audio.sh, you can first find those using grep, then extract PID using awk, and finally kill the process. The full command is as follows:

ps -ef | grep "upload.audio.sh" | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill -9

Source.

How to download the content from a URL?

wget -t 45 -o log http://downloads.dbpedia.org/3.7/en/article_categories_en.nq.bz2 &

(make 45 attempts and write log to log)

Now if you want to download a list of files from some location than

wget -t 45 -o log http://downloads.dbpedia.org/3.7/en/*.bz2 &

will not work so you need to do:

wget -o log -r -l1 --no-parent -A.bz2 http://downloads.dbpedia.org/3.7/en/ &

to download all your files to your local drive.

more

How to extract bz2 file?

bunzip2 file-name.bz2

How to extract tgz file?

It depends on the tar file. ".tgz" "_tar.gz" means it is tarred and gzipped.

in that case:

tar -zxvf file_tar.gz

If it is just ".tar" "_tar" it isn't zipped, so take the z off.

"tar -xvf file_tar"

tar and gziP:

tar czvf myfile.tgz myfile

Solaris:

"gtar xzvf file.tar.gz" or "gunzip -c file.tar.gz |tar xvf -"

How to extract zip file?

unzip -d thedir archive.zip

How to protect file from being deleted?

chmod a-w filename

How to do For loops in bash?

for file in *.txt; do echo $file; done

will print all files with extension .txt to console

Links that I found useful:

• ssh over svn prompts for the wrong username: Solution from Fredrik's and Hardy's blog

• Using svn:ignore from command line

• From tex to pdf without using pdflatex

• bash programming

Tomcat wouldn't start but throws Connection refused...exception?

do:

ps axf | grep [j]ava.endorsed.dir

(or

ps ax | grep [j]ava.endorsed.dir

on Mac)

this will show the PID which you then need to kill:

kill -9 PID

read details here

Get processes which are running

ps auxgwwww | less

Find out which program is running on a port

sudo lsof -i :80

List all users on a linux server

Cat /etc/passwd |grep "/home" |cut -d: -f1

How to open TextEdit from Command Line?

open -a TextEdit nameOfTheFile.txt

How to download multiple files from a URL using a wildcard?

An example downloading FIBO ontologies:

wget -r -l3 --no-parent -A.rdf http://www.omg.org/spec/EDMC-FIBO/FND/20141101/

Read more here.

How to switch between different versions of Java on Mac OS X?

1) Install all of them e.g. 1.6, 1.7, and 1.8.

2) Add to your ~/.bash_profile

export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 1.7) setjdk() { export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v $1) }

Now you can:

$ java -version java version "1.7.0_51" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_51-b13) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.51-b03, mixed mode) $ setjdk 1.6 $ java -version java version "1.6.0_65" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_65-b14-462-11M4609) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 20.65-b04-462, mixed mode) $ setjdk 1.8 $ java -version java version "1.8.0" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0-b132) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.0-b70, mixed mode)

Source: http://superuser.com/questions/650310/switching-between-java-7-and-8-in-os-x

How to write output of a system.err.println to a file in bash?

To write the output of the System.err.println to the file do the following:

> outputfilename.log 2>&1

Which process is running on a port?

For example, to find out what's running on port 9000, run this command:

$ lsof -i :9000

List existing conda environements

conda info --envs

SBT/Scala Exception: Failed to construct terminal; falling back to unsupported java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: "0x100"

After updating my iOS recently to Mohave 10.14 I encountered this exception and solved it following the advice from this link

1. Check the value for your $TERM variable:

echo $TERM

xterm-256color

2. Update it:

export TERM=xterm-color

3. Carry on, it works!

Full exception:

[ERROR] Failed to construct terminal; falling back to unsupported

java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: "0x100"

at java.lang.NumberFormatException.forInputString(NumberFormatException.java:65)

at java.lang.Integer.parseInt(Integer.java:580)

at java.lang.Integer.valueOf(Integer.java:766)

at jline.internal.InfoCmp.parseInfoCmp(InfoCmp.java:59)

at jline.UnixTerminal.parseInfoCmp(UnixTerminal.java:242)

at jline.UnixTerminal.<init>(UnixTerminal.java:65)

at jline.UnixTerminal.<init>(UnixTerminal.java:50)

at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)

at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)

at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)

at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)

at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:442)

at jline.TerminalFactory.getFlavor(TerminalFactory.java:211)

at jline.TerminalFactory.create(TerminalFactory.java:102)

at jline.TerminalFactory.get(TerminalFactory.java:186)

at jline.TerminalFactory.get(TerminalFactory.java:192)

at jline.console.ConsoleReader.<init>(ConsoleReader.java:243)

at jline.console.ConsoleReader.<init>(ConsoleReader.java:235)

at jline.console.ConsoleReader.<init>(ConsoleReader.java:223)

at sbt.JLine$$anonfun$createReader$1.apply(LineReader.scala:103)

at sbt.JLine$$anonfun$createReader$1.apply(LineReader.scala:102)

at sbt.JLine$$anonfun$usingTerminal$1.apply(LineReader.scala:98)

at sbt.JLine$$anonfun$usingTerminal$1.apply(LineReader.scala:96)

at sbt.JLine$.withTerminal(LineReader.scala:89)

at sbt.JLine$.usingTerminal(LineReader.scala:96)

at sbt.JLine$.createReader(LineReader.scala:102)

at sbt.SimpleReader.<init>(LineReader.scala:139)

at sbt.SimpleReader$.<init>(LineReader.scala:141)

at sbt.SimpleReader$.<clinit>(LineReader.scala)

at sbtrelease.ReleaseStateTransformations$.readVersion(ReleaseExtra.scala:274)

at sbtrelease.ReleaseStateTransformations$$anonfun$inquireVersions$1.apply(ReleaseExtra.scala:67)

at sbtrelease.ReleaseStateTransformations$$anonfun$inquireVersions$1.apply(ReleaseExtra.scala:56)

at sbtrelease.ReleasePlugin$autoImport$ReleaseKeys$$anonfun$4.sbtrelease$ReleasePlugin$autoImport$ReleaseKeys$$anonfun$$filterFailure$1(ReleasePlugin.scala:150)

at sbtrelease.ReleasePlugin$autoImport$ReleaseKeys$$anonfun$4$$anonfun$7$$anonfun$apply$3.apply(ReleasePlugin.scala:164)

at sbtrelease.ReleasePlugin$autoImport$ReleaseKeys$$anonfun$4$$anonfun$7$$anonfun$apply$3.apply(ReleasePlugin.scala:164)

at scala.Function$$anonfun$chain$1$$anonfun$apply$1.apply(Function.scala:24)

at scala.Function$$anonfun$chain$1$$anonfun$apply$1.apply(Function.scala:24)

at scala.collection.LinearSeqOptimized$class.foldLeft(LinearSeqOptimized.scala:111)

at scala.collection.immutable.List.foldLeft(List.scala:84)

at scala.collection.TraversableOnce$class.$div$colon(TraversableOnce.scala:138)

at scala.collection.AbstractTraversable.$div$colon(Traversable.scala:105)

at scala.Function$$anonfun$chain$1.apply(Function.scala:24)

at sbtrelease.ReleasePlugin$autoImport$ReleaseKeys$$anonfun$4.apply(ReleasePlugin.scala:168)

at sbtrelease.ReleasePlugin$autoImport$ReleaseKeys$$anonfun$4.apply(ReleasePlugin.scala:132)

at sbt.Command$$anonfun$applyEffect$1$$anonfun$apply$2.apply(Command.scala:59)

at sbt.Command$$anonfun$applyEffect$1$$anonfun$apply$2.apply(Command.scala:59)

at sbt.Command$$anonfun$applyEffect$2$$anonfun$apply$3.apply(Command.scala:61)

at sbt.Command$$anonfun$applyEffect$2$$anonfun$apply$3.apply(Command.scala:61)

at sbt.Command$.process(Command.scala:93)

at sbt.MainLoop$$anonfun$1$$anonfun$apply$1.apply(MainLoop.scala:96)

at sbt.MainLoop$$anonfun$1$$anonfun$apply$1.apply(MainLoop.scala:96)

at sbt.State$$anon$1.doX$1(State.scala:183)

at sbt.State$$anon$1.process(State.scala:190)

at sbt.MainLoop$$anonfun$1.apply(MainLoop.scala:96)

at sbt.MainLoop$$anonfun$1.apply(MainLoop.scala:96)

at sbt.ErrorHandling$.wideConvert(ErrorHandling.scala:17)

at sbt.MainLoop$.next(MainLoop.scala:96)

at sbt.MainLoop$.run(MainLoop.scala:89)

at sbt.MainLoop$$anonfun$runWithNewLog$1.apply(MainLoop.scala:68)

at sbt.MainLoop$$anonfun$runWithNewLog$1.apply(MainLoop.scala:63)

at sbt.Using.apply(Using.scala:24)

at sbt.MainLoop$.runWithNewLog(MainLoop.scala:63)

at sbt.MainLoop$.runAndClearLast(MainLoop.scala:46)

at sbt.MainLoop$.runLoggedLoop(MainLoop.scala:30)

at sbt.MainLoop$.runLogged(MainLoop.scala:22)

at sbt.StandardMain$.runManaged(Main.scala:109)

at sbt.xMain.run(Main.scala:38)

at xsbt.boot.Launch$$anonfun$run$1.apply(Launch.scala:109)

at xsbt.boot.Launch$.withContextLoader(Launch.scala:128)

at xsbt.boot.Launch$.run(Launch.scala:109)

at xsbt.boot.Launch$$anonfun$apply$1.apply(Launch.scala:35)

at xsbt.boot.Launch$.launch(Launch.scala:117)

at xsbt.boot.Launch$.apply(Launch.scala:18)

at xsbt.boot.Boot$.runImpl(Boot.scala:41)

at xsbt.boot.Boot$.main(Boot.scala:17)

at xsbt.boot.Boot.main(Boot.scala)

How to convert Mac new line into unix new line?

This will replace mac new lines with unix new lines:

tr '\r' '\n' < myfile-with-mac-new-line.tsv > new-file-with-unix-new-line.tsv

How to search and replace using sed in vim editor?

This will replace old_string with new_string:

:%s/old_string/newstring/g