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The Mercator map exaggerates the size of countries nearer the poles (US, Russia, Europe), while downplaying the size of those near the equator (the African Continent).
This interactive website will show you their TRUE sizes!
Physical Characteristics
Includes a description of such things as mountains, rivers, beaches, topography, climate, and animal and plant life of a place. If a place is described as hot, sandy, fertile, or forested, these terms all paint a picture of the location's physical characteristics. A topographical map is one tool used to illustrate the physical characteristics of a location.
Human Characteristics
Includes the human-designed cultural features of a place. These features include land use, architectural styles, forms of livelihood, religious practices, political systems, common foods, local folklore, means of transportation, and methods of communication. For example, a location could be described as a technologically advanced French-speaking democracy with a Catholic majority.
Diffusion is a process where a cultural characteristic spreads across space from one place to another.
There are 3 types of movement:
The movement of people
The movement of goods (imports and exports)
The movement of ideas.
There are 3 main ideas of human-environment interaction:
Humans adapt to the environment
Humans modify the environment
Humans depend on the environment
Every single living thing on this planet is dependent on the environment it lives in. Whether it’s for air, water, food, or shelter, living beings simply cannot survive without some form of interaction.
But for humans, that dependence has grown to a level where someone living in Boston might also be dependent on the environment in Central America for certain foods, or for the minerals mined in China for electronics.
Basically, everything you see around you is entirely dependent on environmental resources that come from thousands of miles away.
There are 3 basic types of regions:
Formal regions: These are designated by official boundaries, such as cities, states, counties, and countries. For the most part, they are clearly indicated and publicly known.
Functional regions: These are defined by their connections. For example, the circulation area for a major city area is the functional region of that paper.
Vernacular regions: These include perceived regions, such as "The South," "The Midwest," or the "Middle East"; they have no formal boundaries but are understood in mental maps of the world.