2024

11:30, Friday, December 6

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Guests:

• Speaker: Dr. Stephan Meighen-Berger (University of Melbourne)

Title: Extending the Dark Matter Reach of Water Cherenkov Detectors Using Jupiter

Abstract: We propose the first method for water Cherenkov detectors to constrain GeV-scale dark matter (DM) below the solar evaporation mass. While previous efforts have highlighted the Sun and Earth as DM capture targets, we demonstrate that Jupiter is a viable target. Jupiter’s unique characteristics, such as its lower core temperature and significant gravitational potential, allow it to capture and retain light DM more effectively than the Sun, particularly in the mass range below 4 GeV where direct detection sensitivity diminishes. Our calculations provide the first sensitivities to GeV-scale annihilating DM within Jupiter using neutrino detectors, showing that these surpass current solar limits and direct detection results.

• Speaker: Chingam Fong (The Chinese University of Hong Kong)

Title: The Role of Corona Field in Solar Gamma Ray, Revealed by Simulation

Abstract: The Sun shines bright in gamma rays. The current leading theory is that it comes from cosmic ray interaction in the Sun's atmosphere. In this talk, I will go through my current work, in which we use Geant4 simulation to study the propagation of cosmic rays in different solar coronal field models and subsequent gamma ray production.

• Speaker: Hector Afonso Cruz (Johns Hopkins University)

Title: The First Billion Years in Seconds: An Effective Model for the 21-cm Signal with Population III Stars

Abstract: In the next few years, observations of the 21-cm signal will open a window to the cosmic dawn epoch, when the first stars formed. It is conventional to interpret these observations through semi-numerical or hydrodynamical simulations, which are often computationally intensive and inflexible to exotic cosmological or astrophysical effects. I will present a new approach to predict the 21-cm global signal and fluctuations in the presence of PopIII stars in seconds. PopIII stars, residing in low-mass molecular-cooling halos, are highly sensitive to feedback, especially from H2-dissociating Lyman-Werner radiation and dark matter-baryon relative velocities. To bypass expensive numerical simulations, we develop an effective prescription of the star formation rate density in the presence of PopIII stars. Our method recovers the full nonlinear distributions of radiative fields that determine the 21-cm signal including anisotropic feedback. I will show how PopIII stars impact the 21-cm global signal and power spectrum across cosmic time and at different distance scales. I will also highlight how the spatial modulation of the relative velocities induces Velocity Acoustic Oscillations in 21-cm power spectra, providing us with a new and robust cosmological standard ruler. Our public code, Zeus21, can predict 21-cm observables in seconds, presenting a meaningful first step towards rapid precision astrophysics and cosmology in the first billion years.

11:30, Friday, November 22

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Speaker: Dr. Alisa Nozdrina

1. Instrument design and performance of the first seven stations of RNO-G 

11:30, Friday, November 15

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Guest: Caitlyn Nojiri (University of California, Santa Cruz)

1. Life in the Bubble: How a nearby supernova left ephemeral footprints on the cosmic-ray spectrum and indelible imprints on life 

2. A neutrino flare associated with X-ray emission from TDE ATLAS17jrp 

3. Extending the Dark Matter Reach of Water Cherenkov Detectors using Jupiter 

4. Flaring gamma-ray emission coincident with a hyperactive fast radio burst source 

11:30, Friday, November 1

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Guest: Dr. Garv Chauhan (Virginia Tech)

5. Neutron Stars as a Probe of Cosmic Neutrino Background 

6. Broad-band, high-gain, low-frequency Antennas for Radio Detection of Earth-skimming Tau Neutrinos 

7. Neutrino detection rates from lepto-hadronic model simulations of bright blazar flares 

8. Characterization and classification of γ-ray bursts from blazars 

11:30, Friday, October 25

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Guest: Prof. Brian Clark (University of Maryland) 

1. Current status and desired precision of the isotopic production cross sections relevant to astrophysics of cosmic rays. II. Fluorine to silicon and updated results for Li, Be, and B 

2. 511 keV Galactic Photons from a Dark Matter Spike 

3. Modified Characteristics of Hadronic Interactions in Ultra-high-energy Cosmic-ray Showers 

4. Non-relativistic neutrinos and the question of Dirac vs. Majorana neutrino nature

11:30, Friday, October 18

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1. Initial performance of the Radar Echo Telescope for Cosmic Rays, RET-CR

11:30, Friday, October 4

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Guest: Per Myhr (UCLouvain, Belgium) 

11:30, Friday, September 19

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1. Neutron Tagging Can Greatly Reduce Spallation Backgrounds in Super-Kamiokande

2. Initial performance of the Radar Echo Telescope for Cosmic Rays, RET-CR

3. Status of tension between NOνA and T2K after Neutrino 2024 and possible role of non-standard neutrino interactions

4. High-Energy and Ultra-High-Energy Neutrinos from Primordial Black Holes

11:30, Friday, September 13

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1. First Indication of Solar 8B Neutrino Flux through Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering in PandaX-4T 

2. First Measurement of Solar 8B Neutrinos via Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering with XENONnT 

3. Implications of first neutrino-induced nuclear recoil measurements in direct detection experiments 

4. GRB 221009A: the B.O.A.T Burst that Shines in Gamma Rays 

11:15 am, Friday, September 6

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Guest: Dr. Deheng Song (Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University)

 Title: Recent updates on the morphology of the Galactic Center excess

Abstract: The Galactic Center Excess (GCE) detected by Fermi-LAT resembles a signal of WIMP dark matter annihilation, although it may also be attributed to a population of millisecond pulsars in the inner Milky Way. I will discuss recent updates in studying the morphology of the GCE. I will show that millisecond pulsars contribute to the gamma-ray sky in various regions. Furthermore, I will discuss dark matter search with Fermi-LAT beyond the mass range of WIMPs.

11:15 am, Friday, July 5

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Guest: Prof. Ranjan Laha (Indian Institute of Science)

Title: Neutrinos from the Sun can discover dark matter-electron scattering

Abstract: We probe dark matter-electron scattering using high-energy neutrino observations from the Sun. Dark matter (DM) interacting with electrons can get captured inside the Sun. These captured DM may annihilate to produce different Standard Model (SM) particles. Neutrinos produced from these SM states can be observed in IceCube and DeepCore. Although there is no excess of neutrinos from the Solar direction, we find that current data-sets of IceCube and DeepCore set the strongest constraint on DM-electron scattering cross section in the DM mass range 10 GeV to 10^5 GeV. Our work implies that future observations of the Sun by neutrino telescopes have the potential to discover DM-electron interaction.

11:15 am, Friday, June 7

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Guest: Juan Ammerman-Yebra (University of Santiago de Compostela)

1. Effects of Neutrino-Ultralight Dark Matter Interaction on the Cosmic Neutrino Background 

2. Constraints on the Axion-Photon Coupling Using Stellar Modelling 

3. Supermassive black holes and very high-energy neutrinos: the case of NGC 1068 

4. Exploration of mass splitting and muon/tau mixing parameters for an eV-scale sterile neutrino with IceCube 

11:15 am, Friday, May 31

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Guest: Gonzalo Herrera Moreno (Virginia Tech)

Title: "Probing light dark matter and the cosmic neutrino background with cosmic rays"

Abstract: "Supermassive black holes at the center of galaxies may accelerate cosmic rays to very high energies, yielding high-energy neutrinos and gamma-rays observable on Earth. The dark matter in the vicinity of supermassive black holes may scatter off protons, electrons, neutrinos and photons, perhaps cooling them too fast. Furthermore, a fraction of the dark matter and the cosmic neutrino background in these environments may be boosted to larger energies via scatterings with cosmic rays, yielding a flux directly detectable at Earth-based experiments. I will discuss all these phenomenological signatures in some detail, showing that they allow to probe new regions of the parameter space of light dark matter and relic neutrino overdensity."

1. From the Dawn of Neutrino Astronomy to A New View of the Extreme Universe 

2. Improving Neutrino Energy Reconstruction with Machine Learning 

3. New limits on neutrino decay from high-energy astrophysical neutrinos 

4. TeV Solar Gamma Rays as a probe for the Solar Internetwork Magnetic Fields 

12:00 pm (TIME CHANGE), Friday, May 17

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Guest: Eleonora Puzzoni (University of Arizona)

Title: “Role of magnetic arcades in explaining the gamma-ray emission from the Sun”

Abstract: In 1991, Seckel, Stanev, and Gaisser (SSG91) proposed a theoretical model aimed at predicting the gamma-ray emission originating from the solar disk from the interaction of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) with the solar atmosphere. However, the GeV-TeV gamma-ray emission remains an enigmatic and unresolved puzzle to date. Notably, observations by Fermi-LAT and HAWC present a gamma-ray emission with a brighter, harder spectrum extending to significantly higher energies than predicted by SSG91. The solution to this puzzle presumably lies in our understanding of how GCRs interact with solar magnetic fields in the corona and lower atmosphere and are thereby useful probes of this structure. Consequently, there is a pressing need for a new theoretical framework to comprehensively elucidate the mechanisms governing gamma-ray emission from the solar disk. This study focuses on exploring the impact of a closed magnetic field geometry on the observed gamma-ray flux. Numerical simulations, employing the PLUTO code, involve test-particle protons and depict the evolution of GCRs within a static magnetic arcade associated with an active region. Test-particle protons are injected at varying altitudes, accounting for the plausible migration of GCRs from adjacent flux tubes to closed arcade structures. A magnetic turbulent component is introduced into the arcade magnetic field, and multiple simulations explore increasing turbulence strengths. Our exploration focuses on understanding the influence of both the large-scale magnetic field within the arcade and its turbulent fluctuations on the trapping of particles. Our findings highlight a predominant gamma-ray emission pattern in the solar disk limb at higher energies and a more isotropic emission at lower energies, aligning with observations from Fermi-LAT. The resulting gamma-ray flux displays a discernible slope contingent upon the strength of turbulence. A comparative analysis with observations from Fermi-LAT and HAWC establishes a favorable agreement, bolstering the validity of our proposed model and affirming the consistency of our results with observations.

1. Revealing the Production Mechanism of High-Energy Neutrinos from NGC 1068

2. A search for an eV-scale sterile neutrino using improved high-energy νμ event reconstruction in IceCube

3. Searching for Synchrotron Emission from the Geminga TeV Halo using the Planck Satellite

4. Probing superheavy dark matter through lunar radio observations of ultrahigh-energy neutrinos

PAST EVENTS:

11:15 am, Friday, May 10

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Guest: Christoper Cappiello (Queen's University)

1. Cosmic Ray-Boosted Dark Matter at IceCube 

2. Solar flare observations with the Radio Neutrino Observatory Greenland (RNO-G) 

3. Neutrinos and gamma rays from beta decays in an active galactic nucleus NGC 1068 jet 

4. Search for joint multimessenger signals from potential Galactic PeVatrons with HAWC and IceCube 

5. A Full Model of the Response of Surface Detectors to Extensive Air Showers Based on Shower Universality 

6. Neutrino Oscillations as a Gravitational Wave Detector? 

11:15 am, Friday, May 3

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1. Characterization of the Astrophysical Diffuse Neutrino Flux using Starting Track Events in IceCube 

2. A coherent view of Li depletion and angular momentum transport to explain the Li plateau -- from Population II to Population I stars 

3. Gamma-ray Emission from a Young Star Cluster in the Star-Forming Region RCW 38

4. Investigating the correlations between IceCube high-energy neutrinos and Fermi-LAT γ-ray observations. II 

5. Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with Neutrinos Alone 

6. Testing the Origins of Neutrino Mass with Supernova Neutrino Time Delay 

7. Illuminating Black Hole Shadow with Dark Matter Annihilation 

11:15 am, Friday, April 26

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1. Evidence of a Hardening in the Cosmic Ray Proton Spectrum at around 166 TeV Observed by the GRAPES-3 Experiment

2. The Effect of Cosmic Rays on the Observational Properties of the CGM 

3. Neutrino and Gamma-Ray Signatures of Inelastic Dark Matter Annihilating Outside Neutron Stars 

4. Loss of coherence and change in emission physics for radio emission from very inclined cosmic-ray air showers 

5. Ultra-light Dark Matter Limits from Astrophysical Neutrino Flavor 

6. Combined Pre-Supernova Alert System with Kamland and Super-Kamiokande 

11:15 am, Friday, April 12

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1. The neutrino background from non-jetted active galactic nuclei

2. DESI 2024 VI: Cosmological Constraints from the Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations

3. Constraints on the X17 boson from IceCube searches for non-standard interactions of neutrinos

4. Impact of the Magnetic Horizon on the Interpretation of the Pierre Auger Observatory Spectrum and Composition Data

11:15 am, Friday, April 5

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1. First Measurement of the νe and νμ Interaction Cross Sections at the LHC with FASER’s Emulsion Detector

2. Extremal Kerr Black Hole Dark Matter from Hawking Evaporation

3. Search for a sub-eV sterile neutrino using Daya Bay's full dataset

4. Constraints on the Cosmic Neutrino Background from NGC 1068

5. Characterization of Atmosphere-Skimming Cosmic-Ray Showers in High-Altitude Experiments

11:15 am, Friday, March 29

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1. Simulation of radio signals from cosmic-ray cascades in air and ice as observed by in-ice Askaryan radio detectors

2. Cosmic-ray Acceleration in Core-Collapse Supernova Remnants with the Wind Termination Shock

3. Investigating the impact of the modeling of Earth structure on the neutrino propagation at ultra - high - energies

4. The Flavor Composition of Supernova Neutrinos

11:15 am, Friday, March 22

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7. Observation of Seven Astrophysical Tau Neutrino Candidates with IceCube

8. Final state radiation from high and ultrahigh energy neutrino interactions

9. Atmospheric muons measured with the KM3NeT detectors in comparison with updated numeric predictions

10. Supernovae Time Profiles as a Probe of New Physics at Neutrino Telescopes

11. Detecting Neutrinos from Supernova Bursts in PandaX-4T

11:15 am, Friday, March 8

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12. Two 100 TeV neutrinos coincident with the Seyfert galaxy NGC 7469

13. Detection prospects of Very and Ultra High-Energy gamma rays from extendedurces with ASTRI, CTA, and LHAASO

14. Observation of Seven Astrophysical Tau Neutrino Candidates with IceCube

15. The cosmic-ray positron excess and its imprint in the Galactic gamma-ray sky

16. Improved modeling of in-ice particle showers for IceCube event reconstruction

17. Searches for beyond-standard-model physics with astroparticle physics instruments

11:15 am, Friday, March 1

Guest: Prof. Phil Hopkins (Caltech)

Galactic Cosmic-ray Scattering due to Intermittent Structures 

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1. Galactic Cosmic-ray Scattering due to Intermittent Structures

2. Characterization of the Astrophysical Diffuse Neutrino Flux using Starting Track Events in IceCube

3. Prospects for measuring time variation of astrophysical neutrino sources at dark matter detectors

4. Search for neutrino emission from the Cygnus Bubble based on LHAASO γ-ray observations

5. Possible spectral irregularities in the AMS-02 positron spectrum

6. Neutrino oscillations with atmospheric neutrinos at large liquid argon TPCs

PAST EVENTS:

11:15 am, Friday, February 23

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18. The flavor composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic neutrinos: measurement forecasts for in-ice radio-based EeV neutrino telescopes

19. Neutrino Rate Predictions for FASER

20. Prospects for joint reconstruction of imaging air Cherenkov Telescope array and extensive air shower array

21. Differential Sensitivity of the KM3NeT/ARCA detector to a diffuse neutrino flux and to point-like source emission: exploring the case of the Starburst Galaxies

22. The High Energy Light Isotope eXperiment program of direct cosmic-ray studies

11:15 am, Friday, February 16

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23. Are Odd Radio Circles virial shocks around massive galaxies? Implications for cosmic-ray diffusion in the circumgalactic medium

24. Constraints on Dark Matter-Dark Energy Scattering from ACT DR6 CMB Lensing

25. Astronomy potential of KM3NeT/ARCA

    1. Differential Sensitivity of the KM3NeT/ARCA detector to a diffuse neutrino flux and to point-like source emission: exploring the case of the Starburst Galaxies

26. Interpretation of AMS-02 beryllium isotope fluxes using data-driven production cross sections

27. Floor of cosmogenic neutrino fluxes above 10^17 eV

11:15 am, Friday, February 9

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28. Gamma rays from dark matter spikes in EAGLE simulations 

29. The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey: First X-ray catalogues and data release of the western Galactic hemisphere 

30. Searching for Particle Dark Matter with eROSITA Early Data 

31. The Sun and core-collapse supernovae are leading probes of the neutrino lifetime 

32. The flavor composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic neutrinos: measurement forecasts for in-ice radio-based EeV neutrino telescopes 

33. Indirect Searches for Dark Photon-Photon Tridents in Celestial Objects 

11:15 am, Friday, February 2

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Guest: Roshan Mammen Abraham (UC Irvine)

Title: “Neutrino Physics and Dark Matter Searches at the Forward Physics Facility at the LHC”

Abstract: The recent observation of collider neutrinos by the FASER collaboration highlights the potential the forward direction at the LHC has for neutrino physics. In the HL-LHC era, we expect a significant number of neutrinos in the forward direction, opening the way for precision studies using collider neutrinos at the proposed Forward Physics Facility (FPF). In this talk, I will present some phenomenological studies in this direction. i) The electromagnetic properties of neutrinos (magnetic moments, milli-charge, charge radius) have attracted significant interest recently. We make use of the enhanced neutrino flux expected in the HL-LHC era along with the sophisticated detectors at the FPF to constrain these properties, as well as the weak mixing angle. ii) If a new sterile state exists that couple to SM neutrino via the photon through a dipole portal, then it will also leave a signature in these detectors via up-scattering. This allows us to constrain the magnetic dipole moment interaction between SM neutrinos and this new sterile state. Furthermore, these neutrino detectors can also be used to probe some light dark matter models. We present some results in this direction.

5. The BLAST Observatory: A Sensitivity Study for Far-IR Balloon-borne Polarimeters

6. Dark Matter Searches on a Photonic Chip

7. Prototype Cherenkov Detector Characterization for Muon Tomography Applications

8. The forest as a neutrino detector

11:15 am, Friday, January 26

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1. Between the cosmic-ray `knee' and the `ankle': Contribution from star clusters

2. A detectable ultra-high-energy cosmic ray outburst from GRB 221009A

3. The Design and Construction of the Chips Water Cherenkov Neutrino Detector

4. Testing Hadronic-Model Predictions of Depth of Maximum of Air-Shower Profiles and Ground-Particle Signals using Hybrid Data of the Pierre Auger Observatory

5. Citizen Science for IceCube: Name that Neutrino

11:15 am, Friday, January 19

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1. Where Did the Amaterasu Particle Come From?

2. Photons from neutrinos: the gamma ray echo of a supernova neutrino burst

3. Alternative solvents for life: framework for evaluation, current status and future research

4. Fermi-LAT follow-up observations in seven years of realtime high-energy neutrino alerts

5. Testing Cosmic-Ray Propagation Scenarios with AMS-02 and Voyager Data

11:15 am, Friday, January 11

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1. SUB-GEV GAMMA RAYS FROM NEARBY SEYFERT GALAXIES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CORONAL NEUTRINO EMISSION

2. Search for 10--1,000 GeV neutrinos from Gamma Ray Bursts with IceCube

3. Where Did the Amaterasu Particle Come From?

4. Interacting supernovae as high-energy multimessenger transients

5. Photons from neutrinos: the gamma ray echo of a supernova neutrino burst