Two congressional acts of 1914 and 1919
Harrison Act (1914): (prohibition of opiates)
Volstead Act (1919): (prohibition of alcohol)
A new class of inmates
The Fed's Intention
Federal crimes created by those acts
Six other Federal Crimes
1984 -- truth-in-sentencing-laws – New category of crimes
Federal Sentence-modifications
Federal:
State:
Four criminal behaviors
Drugs classified as having a potential for abuse
Security designations of prisons changed during and after 1980 from lower to higher security.
Difference in inmate housing design between super maximum and close (max) security.
Models of control
The hands-off doctrine: From 1776 to 1960 when rehabilitation policies and civil rights era ended it
1. Authority, Coercion, and Force Model – autocratic bullying -- public perception
Justification
Persisting perception 1980-2000:
2. Alliances and Deal-making Model -- Recruit powerful inmate leaders (con bosses)
3. The Respect model – 3 components
The flaw of the 1st illegitimate model
The flaw of the 2nd illegitimate model