Norvig responds to Chomsky's keynote from the At the Brains, Minds, and Machines symposium: http://norvig.com/chomsky.html
Transcript of Chomsky's talk: http://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/myl/PinkerChomskyMIT.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/As_We_May_Think by Vannevar Bush.
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1945/07/as-we-may-think/3881/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren_Weaver#The_.22Translation.22_memorandum
http://www.mt-archive.info/Weaver-1949.pdf
http://www.indiana.edu/~hlw/index.html
About language modeling: http://wondermark.com/894/
semantics: http://wondermark.com/887/