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Objectives: describe the experiment that led to the discovery of the electron, categorize by strength the three types of radioactive emission, explain how the nuclear model of the atom was developed, describe the atomic location and properties of the three subatomic particles, define isotopes, explain how to determine atomic number and atomic mass of an isotope, write symbols for nuclides (particular isotopes of an element).
Cathode Ray Experiment ChemTour
Gold Foil Experiment ChemTour
Cathode Ray Exercise
Rutherford Scattering Experiment Exercise
Cathode Ray Experiment (Animation)
Rutherford's Experiment (Animation)
Glossary
cathode-ray tubes partially evacuated tubes that emanate "rays" of electrons from the negative electrode (cathode)
electrons negatively charged particles that move around the nucleus of an atom
proton a particle in the nucleus which has a positive charge equal in magnitude to the electron’s negative charge
neutron a particle in the nucleus which has virtually the same mass as a proton but no charge
nuclear atom an atom with a dense center of positive charge (the nucleus) with electrons moving around the nucleus at a distance that is large relative to the nuclear radius
nucleus a dense center of an atom with positive charge
radioactivity the spontaneous decomposition of a nucleus to form a different nucleus
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