這裡介紹如何在Ubuntu上安裝Apache HTTP Server。
參考資料：
HTTPD - Apache2 Web Server，https://help.ubuntu.com/lts/serverguide/httpd.html
ApacheMySQLPHP，https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP
我們用apt-get安裝apache2，在Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS上執行：sudo apt-get -y install apache2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
apache2-mpm-worker apache2-utils apache2.2-bin apache2.2-common libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libcap2 ssl-cert
Suggested packages:
apache2-doc apache2-suexec apache2-suexec-custom openssl-blacklist
The following NEW packages will be installed:
apache2 apache2-mpm-worker apache2-utils apache2.2-bin apache2.2-common libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libcap2 ssl-cert
0 upgraded, 11 newly installed, 0 to remove and 76 not upgraded.
Need to get 1,867 kB of archives.
After this operation, 5,738 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main libcap2 amd64 1:2.22-1ubuntu3 [12.0 kB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main libapr1 amd64 1.4.6-1 [89.6 kB]
Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main libaprutil1 amd64 1.3.12+dfsg-3 [74.6 kB]
Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 amd64 1.3.12+dfsg-3 [10.4 kB]
Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main libaprutil1-ldap amd64 1.3.12+dfsg-3 [8,044 B]
Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main apache2.2-bin amd64 2.2.22-1ubuntu1.4 [1,340 kB]
Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main apache2-utils amd64 2.2.22-1ubuntu1.4 [90.1 kB]
Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main apache2.2-common amd64 2.2.22-1ubuntu1.4 [226 kB]
Get:9 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main apache2-mpm-worker amd64 2.2.22-1ubuntu1.4 [2,284 B]
Get:10 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main apache2 amd64 2.2.22-1ubuntu1.4 [1,492 B]
Get:11 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/main ssl-cert all 1.0.28ubuntu0.1 [12.3 kB]
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Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package libcap2.
(Reading database ... 50232 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking libcap2 (from .../libcap2_1%3a2.22-1ubuntu3_amd64.deb) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libapr1.
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Unpacking libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 (from .../libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3_1.3.12+dfsg-3_amd64.deb) ...
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Processing triggers for man-db ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead ...
ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot
Processing triggers for ufw ...
Setting up libcap2 (1:2.22-1ubuntu3) ...
Setting up libapr1 (1.4.6-1) ...
Setting up libaprutil1 (1.3.12+dfsg-3) ...
Setting up libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 (1.3.12+dfsg-3) ...
Setting up libaprutil1-ldap (1.3.12+dfsg-3) ...
Setting up apache2.2-bin (2.2.22-1ubuntu1.4) ...
Setting up apache2-utils (2.2.22-1ubuntu1.4) ...
Setting up apache2.2-common (2.2.22-1ubuntu1.4) ...
Enabling site default.
Enabling module alias.
Enabling module autoindex.
Enabling module dir.
Enabling module env.
Enabling module mime.
Enabling module negotiation.
Enabling module setenvif.
Enabling module status.
Enabling module auth_basic.
Enabling module deflate.
Enabling module authz_default.
Enabling module authz_user.
Enabling module authz_groupfile.
Enabling module authn_file.
Enabling module authz_host.
Enabling module reqtimeout.
Setting up apache2-mpm-worker (2.2.22-1ubuntu1.4) ...
* Starting web server apache2
apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName
[ OK ]
Setting up apache2 (2.2.22-1ubuntu1.4) ...
Setting up ssl-cert (1.0.28ubuntu0.1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin ...
ldconfig deferred processing now taking place
使用指令：apache2ctl
輸入：sudo apache2ctl help
結果：
Usage: /usr/sbin/apache2ctl start|stop|restart|graceful|graceful-stop|configtest|status|fullstatus|help
/usr/sbin/apache2ctl <apache2 args>
/usr/sbin/apache2ctl -h (for help on <apache2 args>)
輸入：sudo apache2ctl -h
結果：
Usage: /usr/sbin/apache2 [-D name] [-d directory] [-f file]
[-C "directive"] [-c "directive"]
[-k start|restart|graceful|graceful-stop|stop]
[-v] [-V] [-h] [-l] [-L] [-t] [-T] [-S] [-X]
Options:
-D name : define a name for use in <IfDefine name> directives
-d directory : specify an alternate initial ServerRoot
-f file : specify an alternate ServerConfigFile
-C "directive" : process directive before reading config files
-c "directive" : process directive after reading config files
-e level : show startup errors of level (see LogLevel)
-E file : log startup errors to file
-v : show version number
-V : show compile settings
-h : list available command line options (this page)
-l : list compiled in modules
-L : list available configuration directives
-t -D DUMP_VHOSTS : show parsed settings (currently only vhost settings)
-S : a synonym for -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS
-t -D DUMP_MODULES : show all loaded modules
-M : a synonym for -t -D DUMP_MODULES
-t : run syntax check for config files
-T : start without DocumentRoot(s) check
-X : debug mode (only one worker, do not detach)
指令：
sudo apache2ctl -t -D DUMP_MODULES
或
sudo apache2ctl -M
結果：
Loaded Modules:
core_module (static)
log_config_module (static)
logio_module (static)
mpm_worker_module (static)
http_module (static)
so_module (static)
alias_module (shared)
auth_basic_module (shared)
authn_file_module (shared)
authz_default_module (shared)
authz_groupfile_module (shared)
authz_host_module (shared)
authz_user_module (shared)
autoindex_module (shared)
cgid_module (shared)
deflate_module (shared)
dir_module (shared)
env_module (shared)
mime_module (shared)
negotiation_module (shared)
reqtimeout_module (shared)
setenvif_module (shared)
status_module (shared)