The Great Leap-Fraud, Volume II

Primary Sources

Flavius Josephus, The Antiquities of the Jews, ca. 90 AD, translated by William Whiston.

Epifanio, Santo, Obispo de Constancia, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis, translated by Frank Williams, Brill, 1997.

Irenaeus, Against Heresies, ca. 325 AD.

St. Augustine, DeGenesi ad Litteram, 354-430 AD.

Book of the Martyrdom of Bartholomew, ca. 500 AD, translated by Alexander Walker, from Ante-Nicene Fathers, edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe, Christian Literature, 1886. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight.

Anicius Boethius, The Consolation of Philosophy, ca. 525 AD, translated by W.V.Cooper, Dent, 1902.

The Poem of Amru, translated by W.A. Clouston, 1881.

The Sacred Books and Early Literature of the East, Parke, Austin, & Lipscomb, 1917.

Poem of Hareth, translated by W. A. Clouston, 1881.

The Poem of Tarafa, translated by W.A. Clouston, 1881.

Thomas Hodgkin, Letters of Cassiodorus, Frowde, 1886.

Corpus Juris Civilis, 534 AD.

Procopius of Ceasarea, History of the Wars, 545 AD.

Procopius of Cesarea, The Secret History, ca. 550 AD.

Procopius, De bello Persico ii, from Beate Dignas, Engelbert Winter, Rome and Persia in late antiquity: neighbours and rivals, Cambridge University Press, 2007.

Gregory the Great, Dialogues, ca. 600 AD.

Isidore of Seville, 560-636 AD, Chronicon. English Translation. by Kenneth B. Wolf, 2004.

Homily on the Child Saints of Babylon, ca. 640 AD.

Pseudo-Shenute, Vision, ca. 644 AD.

Thomas the Presbyter, Chronicle, ca. 640 AD.

Pope Martin, Epistles, ca. 655 AD.

Chronicler of Khuzistan, ca. 665 AD.

Sebeo’s History of the seventh century, publishing ca. 670 AD, English by Robert Bedrosian, 1985.

John, Bishop of Nikiû, Chronicles, ca. 690 AD.

Arculf, ca. 690s, Adomnan, De locis sanctis.

A.J. Arberry, the Koran Interpreted, Touchstone, 1996.

The Farmer's Law, 7-8th Centuries, extracted from W. Ashburner, translator, Journal of Hellenic Studies, 32, 1912.

Al Maggari, Tarik's Address to His Soldiers, 711 AD, from The Breath of Perfumes Charles, F. Horne, ed., The Sacred Books and Early Literature of the East, Vol. VI: Medieval Arabia, Parke, Austin, & Lipscomb, 1917.

Pseudo-Athanasius, Apocalypse, 9.1-8, ca. 715 AD.

The Vision of Enoch the Just, ca. 717 AD.

From Willibald’s Life of Boniface, ca. 722 AD in J.H. Robinson, Readings, Brian Tierney, Sources of Medieval History, McGraw-Hill College, 1999.

Germanus, Ep. ad Thomam episcopum Claudiopoleos, 168A-D, 715-730 AD.

John of Damascus, The Fount of Knowledge, ca. 740 AD, Frederic Chase, Fathers of the Church, 1958.

Kenneth Baxter Wolf, Conquerors and chroniclers of early medieval Spain, Mozarab Chronicle of 754, ca. 754 AD, second edition, Liverpool University Press, 1999.

anonymous Syriac chronicler from Tûr ^cAbdîn, ca. 775 AD, Translation of J. B. Segal, Edessa 'The Blessed City' , Oxford, 1970, from J.-B. Chabot, Incerti Auctoris Chronicon Pseudo-Dionysianum vulgo Dictum, CSCO, Louvain, 1952.

Chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor, Harry Turtledove (translator) The chronicle of Theophanes: an English translation of anni mundi 6095-6305 (602-813 AD), University of Pennsylvania Press, 1982.

Al-Waqidi (747-822 AD), Kitab al-maghazi, ed. Marsden Jones, London 1966, Norman Calder, Jawid Ahmoad Mojaddedi, Andrew Rippin, Classical Islam: a sourcebook of religious literature, Routledge, 2003.

Einhard, The Life of Charlemagne, ca. 840 AD, translated from the Latin by Samuel Epes Turner, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 1960.

ibn Khordadbeh, The Book of Roads and Kingdoms, ca. 870 AD.

Tabari (838–923 AD).

Paul Lunde, Caroline Stone: Masʻūdī, The meadows of gold: the Abbasids, ca. 947, Kegan Paul International, 1989.

Ademar Glaber, Annales Lemovicenses, ad an. 1010; Annales Beneventani, ad an. 1010, MGH SS III.

Ralph Glaber, On the First Millennium, 1044 From C.G. Coulton, ed, Life in the Middle Ages, Macmillan 1910, text slightly modernized by Paul Halsall August 1996.

Michael Psellus, Chronographia, ca. 1078 translated by J.M Hussey, E.R.A.S., 1952.

Fulcher of Chartres, Chronicle of the First Crusade, translated by M.E. McGinty, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1941.

Dulcie Lawrence Smith, The Poems of Mu'tamid, King of Seville, Murray 1915.

William of Tyre, Historia rerum in partibus transmarinis gestarum, XIV, 4-5, Patrologia Latina 201, 642-45, Translated by James Brundage, The Crusades: A Documentary History, (Milwaukee, WI: Marquette University Press, 1962).

Imam Ghazali, Deliverance from Error and Attachment to the Lord of Might and Majesty, Introduction, 1109 from Charles F. Horne, ed., The Sacred Books and Early Literature of the East, Parke, Austin & Lipscomb, 1917.

The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela, 1171 AD.

Alexiad of Anna Commena, ca. 1148, translated by E.R.A. Sewter, Penguin Classics, 1969.

The Chronicle of Alfonso the Emperor, ca. 1157, translated by Edward Lipskey, Northwestern University dissertation, 1972.

Ousama Ibn Mounkidh, The Autobiography of Ousama, ca. 1188.

Michael the Syrian, 310-11, ca. 1190s AD, from Robert G. Hoyland, Arabia and the Arabs, From the Bronze Age to the coming of Islam, Routledge, 2002.

Pope Gregory X Letter to the Dominicans and Franciscans of Paris, ca. 1276, Solomon Grayzel, The Church and the Jews, Jewish Publicatoin Society, 1953.

Pope Boniface VIII, papal bull, Unam Sanctam, November 12, 1302, from doctoral dissertation, Dept. of Philosophy at the Catholic University of America, CUA Press, 1927.

Dante Alighieri, De Monarchia, ca. 1308.

Dante Alighieri, Divine Comedy:XIX, ca. 1308 Translated by Charles Eliot Norton, 1999.

Marsiglio of Padua, Defensor Pacis, 1324, from Brian Tierney, Sources of Medieval History, McGraw-Hill College, 1999.

Giovanni Boccaccio (1313-1375), The Decameron, J.M. Rigg, Campbell, 1921.

Brian Tierney, The Middle Ages, Volume I, Sources of Medieval History, McGraw-Hill, 1999.

Lorenzo Valla, Discourse on the Forgery of the Alleged Donation of Constantine, 1441, English translation by Christopher B. Coleman, Yale University Press, 1922.

Pope Nicholas V, papal Bull Diversas, 1452 from Diana Hayes, Reflections on Slavery, in Charles E. Curran, Change in Official Catholic Moral Teaching, 1998.

Innocent VIII, papal bull Summis desiderantes affectibus, December 5, 1484 from The Geography of Witchcraft, by Montague Summers, Kegan Paul.

Pico Mirandola, Oration On the Dignity of Man, 1496, translated by A. Robert Caponigri, Regnery Publishing, 1956.

Pope Leo X, Bull issued June 15, 1520, Eternal Word Television Network, 1999.

Martin Luther, Luther’s Epistle Sermons, Twenty Third Sunday After Trinity, Righteousness of the Law Opposes the Cross, translated by John Nicholas Lenker, The Luther Press, 1909.

Martin Luther, On the Jews and their Lies, translated by Martin Bertram, Fortress Press & Augsburg Fortress, 1971.

Ze'ev Herzog, Deconstructing the walls of Jericho, (Ha'aretz, 1999).

Jacob Rader Marcus, Marc Saperstein, The Jew in the medieval world: a source book, 315-1791, the Hebrew Union College Press, 1999.

Significant Church Councils

Philipp Schaff, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, The Council in Trullo, 692 AD, T&T Clark, 1893.

Synod at Hieria, Epitome of the Definition of the Iconoclastic Conciliabulum, 754 AD, H. R. Percival, in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, 2nd Series, ed. P. Schaff and H. Wace, (repr. Grand Rapids MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1955), XIV.

Second Council of Nicea, 787 AD, from The Seven Ecumenical Councils of the Undivided Church, trans H. R. Percival, in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, 2nd Series, ed. P. Schaff and H. Wace, (repr. Grand Rapids MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1955).

Fourth Council of Constantinople, Canons, 869-870 AD.

Synod at Reims, 991, Philip Schaff and David Schley Schaff, History of the Christian Church, 1885.

First Lateran Council, Canons, 1123 from H. J. Schroeder, Disciplinary Decrees of the General Councils: Text, Translation and Commentary, Herder, 1937.

Second Lateran Council, canons, 1139.

Third Lateran Council, Canons, 1179 from Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils, ed. Norman P. Tanner.

Forth Lateran Council, Canons, 1215, from H. J. Schroeder, Disciplinary Decrees of the General Councils: Text, Translation and Commentary, Herder, 1937.

First Council of Lyons, Management of church debt, 1245.

Second Council of Lyons, 1274 AD, translation taken from Decrees of the Ecumenical Councils by Norman P. Tanner.

Council of Vienne, Canons, 1311-1312.

The Council of Constance, 1414, Cardinal Fillastre’s Diary of teh Council of Constance, in L.R. Loomis, The Council of Constance, Columbia University Press, 1961.

Council of Basel 1431-1445.

Synod of Bishops, Special Assembly for the Middle East, Instrumentum Laboris, Vatican City, 2010.

Secondary Sources

Al-Sahifa al-Kamilah al-Sajjadiyya,The Perfect Book of al-Sajjad, ca. 678-713 AD.

Ibn Ishaq, The Biography of Muhammad, ca. 760s AD (original is missing).

Sahih Bukhari, 846 AD,CMJE and the University of Southern California, 2007-2009.

Al-Tabarī, 838–923 AD, The History of Al Tabari, translated by Ismail K. Poonawala (1990, State University of New York) 107.

Edward Gibbon, 1737-1794, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Modern Library, 2003.

David Hume, The History Of England, M’Creery, 1807.

From Raynaldus, Annales, in S.R. Maitland, tarns, History of the Albigenses and Waldenses, Rivington, 1832.

William Golden Lumley, A Treatise upon the Law of Annuities and Rent Charges, Saunders and Benning, 1833.

George Waddington, A History of the Church, from the Earliest Ages to the Reformation, Baldwin and Cradock, 1833.

Mohemmed Missiree, tesavuf, translated by J.P. Brown, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Volume 8, Article 3, American Oriental Society, 1863 AD.

Reinhart Dozy, Die Israeliten zu Mekka, 1864 AD.

Denkard, Exposition in the good religion regarding the origin of the formation of the peoples (living) on the outskirts of Iran, from Peshotun Dustoor Behramjee Sunjana [Sanjana], The Dinkard Vol. I (Bombay: D. Ardeshir & Co., 1874).

M.N. Siouffi, Sabians and Christians of St. John, The Edinburgh review, Volume 152, 1880.

Matthew George Easton, Illustrated Bible Dictionary, third Edition, 1897.

Pope Gregory IX, Statutes of Gregory IX, in D.C. Munro, University of Pennsylvania Translations and Reprints, University of Pennsilvania, 1897.

D.C. Munro, Charlemagne, University of Pennsylvania Transloations and Reprints, Vol. VI, No 5, University of Pennsylvania, 1900.

Hirschfeld, New Researches into the Composition and Excegis of the Quran, London, 1902.

Miguel Asín Palacios, Islamic Eschatology in the Divine Comedy, 1919.

D.S. Margoliouth, The Relations between Arabs and Israelites prior to the Rise of Islam, British Academy, Oxford University Press, 1921.

E. Freshfied, translator, A Manual of Roman Law: The "Ecloga", Cambridge, 1926, Reprinted in Deno Geanokoplos, Byzantium, Chicago, 1984.

Fred H. Blume, The Annotated Justinian Code, 1938.

Shlomo Dov Goitein, The Historication background of the erection of the Dome of the Rock, Journal of American Oriental Society, Vol. 70, No. 2, 1950.

H. R. Percival, in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, 2nd Series, ed. P. Schaff and H. Wace, (repr. Grand Rapids MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1955).

John of Joinville, The Life of St. Louis, translated by Rene Hague from the text edited by Natalis De Wailly, Sheed & Ward, 1955.

H. P. Lattin, Records of Civilisation: sources and studies, 1961.

Brian Tierney, The Crisis of Church and State, 1050-1300, Prentice-Hall, 1964.

The Venerable Bede, The Ecclesiastical History of the English People, Colgrave, Betram, and R.A.B. Mynors, Clarendon Press, 1969.

Daniel J. Sahas, John of Damascus on Islam: The "Heresy of the Ishmaelites", Brill, Leiden, 1972.

Jacob R. Marcus, The Jew in the Medieval World, Atheneum, 1972.

Bernard S. Bachrach, A Reassessment of Visigothic Jewish Policy, 589-711, The American Historical Review, Vol. 78, No. 1., 1973.

Vladimir Lossky, The Procession of the Holy Spirit in Orthodox Trinitarian Doctrine. In The Image and Likeness of God, Crestwood: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press, 1974 .

Patricia Crone, M.A. Cook, Hagarism, The Making of the Islamic World, Cambridge University Press, 1977.

John Wansbrough, Qur'anic Studies: Sources & Methods Of Scriptural Interpretation, Oxford University Press, 1977.

Sir H.A.R. Gibb, The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Leiden Brill, 1979.

Patricia Baker, The Frescoes of Amra, saudiaramcoworld, August 1980.

Moojan Momen, An Introduction to Shi'i Islam, Yale University Press, 1985.

Emmanuel van Si, Radical Islam, Medieveal Theology and Modern Politics, Yale University Press, 1985.

Robert Browning, "Justinian I", Dictionary of the Middle Ages, 1986.

Joel L. Kraemer, Humanism in the renaissance of Islam: the cultural revival during the Buyid Age, The Dayan Centre for Middle Eastern and African Studies, 1986.

James A Beckford (editor), New Religious Movements and Rapid Social Change (London, Sage/UNESCO, 1986).

Andrew Rippin, Jan Knappert, Textual Sources for the Study of Islam, University of Chicago Press, 1990.

Francis E. Peters, Muhammad and the origins of Islam, State University of New York Press, 1994.

Richard W. Bulliet, Islam: the view from the edge, Columbia University Press, 1994.

Robert J. Burns, Jews in the Notarial Culture, 1996.

Wolfgang Stürner, Konstitutionen Friedrichs II für das Königreich Sizilien, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 1996.

Bhuvan Bhatnagar, The World bank Participation Source Book, The World Bank, 1996.

Warren Treadgold, A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford University Press, 1997.

Edward Burns, Richard W. Hull, Philip Lee Ralph, Robert E. Lerner, World Civilizations, 5th ed., Norton, 1997.

Paul Johnson, A History of the Jews, Phoenix, 1998.

Robert G. Hoyland, Seeing Islam as Others Saw It: A Survey and Evaluation of Christian, Jewish and Zoroastrian Writings on Early Islam, Darwin Press 1998.

Paul Johnson, A History of the Jews, Phoenix, 1998.

Bernard McGinn, Visions of the end: apocalyptic traditions in the Middle Ages, Columbia University Press, 1998.

Peter S. Landes, The Wealth and Poverty of Nations, Norton, 1998.

Jacob Rader Marcus, Marc Saperstein, The Jew in the medieval world: a source book, 315-1791, the Hebrew Union College Press, 1999.

David Abulafia, Rosamond McKitterick, The New Cambridge Medieval History: c. 1198-c. 1300, edited by David Abulafia, Cambridge University Press, 1999.

Toby Lester, What is the Koran?, Atlantic Monthly, 1999.

Sidney H. Griffith, Disputing with Islam in Syriac: The Case of the Monk of Bêt Hãlê and a Muslim Emir, Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies, 2000.

Jacques Barzun, From Dawn to Decandence, Harper Collins Books 2000.

Cyril Glasse, The New Encyclopedia of Islam, Altamira, 2001.

Muqtedar Khan, associate professor at the Department of Political Science and International Relations at the University of Delaware, workshop at The United States Institute of Peace, November 2001.

Robert G. Hoyland, Arabia and the Arabs, From the Bronze Age to the coming of Islam, Routledge, 2002.

Bernard Lewis: The Arabs in History, sixth edition, 2002, Oxford University Press.

Neal Robinson, Christ in Islam and Christianity, in Ibn Rawandi, On Pre-Islamic Christian Strophic Poetical Tests in the Koran, from Ibn Warraq, What the Koran Really Says, Prometheus, 2002.

Yehuda D. Nevo, “Toward a Prehistory of Islam,” JSAI 17, 1994, from Ibn Warraq, What the Koran Really Says, Prometheus, 2002.

Stephen Album, Tony Goodwin, Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean: The Pre-Reform Coinage of the early Islamic Period, (Year 66 is Walker Sch.5 (p.97) for year 67, see Spink Zurich, 17 March 1987, lot 376), Ashmolean, 2002.

Hazrat Salaheddin Ali Nader Shah ANGHA, Sufism, A Bridge Between Religions, M.T.O. Shahmaghsoudi Publication, Riverside, CA, USA, 2002.

Patricia Karlin-Hayter, The Oxford History of Byzantium: Iconoclasm , Oxford University Press, 2002.

Albert Habib Hourani, Malise Ruthven, A history of the Arab Peoples, Harvard University press, 2002.

Raymond S. Bradley, University of Massachusetts, Climate of the last millennium, Holocene working group workshop, 2003.

Yehuda D. Nevo and Judith Koren, Crossroads to Islam. The Origin of the Arab Religion and the Arab State, Prometheus, 2003.

Timothy Insoll, The archaeology of Islam in sub-Saharan Africa, University Press Cambridge, 2003.

Patricia Crone and Martin Hinds, God's Caliph: Religious Authority in the First Centuries of Islam, Cambridge University Press, 2003.

William Ainger Wigram, An Introduction to the History of the Assyrian Church, Gorgias, 2004.

Rivka Gonen, Contested holiness: Jewish, Muslim, and Christian Perspective on the Temple, KTAV Publishing House, 2004.

D. James Kennedy, Why the Ten Commandments Matter, Times Warner Book, 2005.

Pamela E. Kinlaw, The Christ is Jesus: metamorphosis, possession, and Johannine christology, Society of Biblical Lit, 2005.

Andrew Rippin, Muslims, their religious beliefs and practices, Routledge, 2005.

Julie Anne Taylor, Muslims in Medieval Italy: The Colony at Lucera, Lexington, 2005.

Hugh Kennedy, The Byzantine and Early Islamic Near East, Ashgate, 2006.

Gene W. Heck, Charlemagne, Muhammad, and the Arab Roots of Capitalism, Walter de Gruyter, 2006.

Christoph Luxenberg, The Syro-Aramaic Reading of the Koran, Schiler, 2007.

M.S.M. Saifullah, David 'Abdullah, Quran Manusripts & Papyrus, Date Texts Mentioning Prophet Muhammad From 622-719 CE, A Record of the Arab Conquest of Syria, 637 AD, Islamic Awareness, 2008.

Gabriel Said Reynolds, The Qur'an in its historical context, Routledge, 2008.

Mohammad Fadel, University of Toronto legal studies research paper no. 977206, The True, the Good and the Reasonable: The Theological and Ethical Roots of Public Reason in Islamic Law, Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence, Vol. 21, No. 1, 2008.

Dr. Mohammad Omar Farooq, The Challenge of Poverty and the Poverty of Islamic Economics, Journal of Islamic Economics, Banking and Finance, 2008.

Jonathan Fox, Ephraim Tabory, Bar Ilan University, Contemporary Evidence Regarding the Impact of State Regulation of Religion on Religious Participation and Belief, Sociology of Religion 2008.

David Clingingsmith, Case Western Reserve University, Asim Ijaz Khwaja, Harvard University and Michael Kremer, Harvard University, Estimating the Impact of the Hajj: Religion and Tolerance in Islam’s Global Gathering, The Social Science Research Network, 2008.

Hichem Karoui, What Every Political Leader in America and the West Should Know About the Arab-Islamic World, University Paris III Sorbonne Nouvelle (France), 2008.

Rashad Hussain, Al-Husein N. Madhany, Reformulating the Battle of Ideas: Understanding the Role of Islam in counterterrorism Policy, Brookings Project, 2008.

John L. Esposito and Dalia Mogahed, Who Speaks for Islam? What a Billion Muslims Really Think, Gallup Press, 2008.

Stephen R. Prothero, Religious Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know--And Doesn't, HarperOne, 2008.

Daniel W. Brown, A New Introduction to Islam, Wiley-Blackwell, 2009.

Angelika Neuwirth, Stefan Heidemann, The Qur'an in Context: Historical and Literary Investigations into the Qur'an, Brill, 2009.

John Mikhail, Stanford Law School, Islamic Rationalism and the Foundation of Human Rights, Georgetown University Law Center, Public Law & Legal Theory Working Paper Series, Working Paper No. 777026, 2009.

Anwar al-Awlaki, 44 Ways to Support Jihad, 39. Exposing Pharaoh and his magicians, the NEFA Foundation, accessed November 18, 2009.

Bernard K. Freamon, Professor of Law and Director, Program for the Study of Law in the Middle East, Seton Hall Law School, Fordham International Law Journal, 2009.

Tracy Miller, ed. Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Muslim Population, Pew Research Centre, 2009.

Angelika Neuwirth, The Qur'an in Context: Historical and Literary Investigations into the Qur'an, Brill, 2009.

David Shanzer, Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Charles Kurzman, Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Ebrahim Moosa, Department of Religion, Duke University, Anti-Terror Lessons of Muslim-Americans, January 6, 2010.

Stephen R. Prothero, God Is Not One: The Eight Rival Religions That Run the World and Why Their Differences Matter, Schwartz Publishing, 2010.

Scott Schieman, University of Toronto, Socioeconomic Status and Beliefs about God’s Influence in Everyday Life, Sociology of Religion, 2010.

Nicholas Wade, The Faith Instinct: How Religion Evolved and Why It Endures, Penguin, 2010.

Matt Waldman, The Sun in the Sky, the relationship between Pakistan’s ISI and Afghan insurgents, June 2010, Carr Center for Human Rights Policy, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University.