Background Research

What is the basic idea of my project?

  • Solubility

Key Terms

  1. Solubility

  2. Soluble

  3. Insoluble

  4. Solute

  5. Polar Molecule

  6. Dilution

  7. Ionic Molecule

More Key Terms

  1. Miscible

  2. Immiscible

  3. Solvent

  4. Saturation

  5. Chemical Equilibrium

  6. Concentration

So what exactly do all of those terms mean?

  • First of all, solubility is the amount something will dissolve when placed in a solution, known as a solvent. The solvent is what the solute, or the object being dissolved, is dissolved in. A solute that is insoluble cannot be dissolved in a solvent to form a solution. Something is soluble when over 0.1 g of the solute has dissolved within 100 mL of the solvent. Anything else is insoluble.

  • There are also different kinds of solubility. When talking about the solubility of a liquid within another liquid, one uses the terms miscible and immiscible. Something that is miscible forms a homogenous, or same throughout, solution when mixed. A solute that is immiscible does the opposite, and means the same as insoluble. The two liquids don't mix. A good example of this would be oil and water, and a good example of miscible would be water and alcohol.

An immiscible solution compared to a miscible one.

Source of pictures is LearnThermo.com

  • Concentration is how much solute is dissolved into a solvent. It can be measure in many different ways, all of which can be found on concentration's page under Measurements. (Tab not ready yet!) Dilution is when the solute to solvent ratio is quite low.

  • A saturated solution is a solution where the solute has dissolved until it can't dissolve anymore, and all the solute that can't dissolve settles at the bottom. An unsaturated solution has no solute at the bottom, and is a fully mixed solution. A supersaturated solution, however, contains more undissolved solute then mixed solution.

All below pictures are from The UCDavis Chem Wiki and show saturation

  • Chemical Equilibrium is when the reaction and chemical equation stops and the equation is balanced, or when the reactants and products no longer shift and change.

  • Polar molecules both positive and negative charges on opposite sides of the molecule, such as water where Hydrogen is positive and Hydrogen is negative. Ionic molecules is a molecule that has a metal and a nonmetal bonded together.

Citations

"Saturated Solutions: Measuring Solubility - Science Buddies." 2008. 21 Sep. 2013 <http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/Chem_p050.shtml>

"Solution Intermolecular Forces." 2002. 21 Sep. 2013 <http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/170solutions.html>

"Types of Saturation - ChemWiki - University of California, Davis." 2008. 21 Sep. 2013 <http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Physical_Properties_of_Matter/Solutions/Types_of_Saturation>

"Concentrations of Solutions." 21 Sep. 2013 <http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/howtosolveit/Solutions/concentrations.html>

"Solubility." 2006. 21 Sep. 2013 <http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch18/soluble.php>