Rice is the staple for more than half of the world’s population, providing up to 70% of the energy requirements of many. Over 85% of consumed rice is white rice, nutritionally inferior to brown rice (whole grain or unpolished). Despite the potential of brown rice for improving micronutrient status and blood sugar control, its uptake is generally low. Some brown rice types may also contain inorganic arsenic (iAs), a group 1 carcinogen. To confirm these benefits and risks, we need to evaluate the bioaccessibility (the amount available for assimilation) of micronutrients and iAs from brown rice types as there have been no previous studies. Concurrently, identifying barriers and drivers to brown rice consumption is essential for informing public health strategies. The objectives of this project are the following:
1. Measure bioaccessibility of micronutrients and iAs and the impact of phytic acid on nutrient bioaccessibility in brown rice using an in vitro simulated human digestion model.
Determine rice type preferences, perceptions, barriers and drivers to consumption amongst adult type 2 diabetes patients living in Chennai, India
3. Quantify the risks and benefits of consuming brown rice using the data obtained from the above two objectives.
4. Co-create new research proposals, publications and disseminate findings to patients, the public and academia.
The project team involves academics from the UK (University of Sheffield, Diamond Light Source) and two non-academic partners from India (SAMARTH-NGO and MDRF-Madras Diabetic Research Foundation).