Reading Interventions for Teachers
Middle School
Grades 6-8
Middle School
Grades 6-8
What is Phonemic Awareness?
Refers to the skills of identifying, isolating, blending, segmenting, and manipulating (adding, substituting, deleting) phonemes (WI Act 20, Section 11, 2023).
Phonemic Awareness is under the umbrella of phonological awareness.
Phonological Awareness?
Refers to the skills of word awareness, rhyme recognition, repetition and creation of alliteration, syllable counting or identification, onset, and rime manipulation (WI Act 20, Section 11, 2023).
Phonological Awareness Screeners/Assessments
PASS
Selective Tier II Interventions
N/A for the secondary level
Intensive Tier III Interventions
What is Phonics?
Refers to the “relationships between sounds and words; this includes alphabetic principle, decoding, orthographic knowledge, encoding, and fluency” (WI Act 20, Section 11, 2023).
Phonics Screeners/Assessments
Diagnostic Decoding Surveys (www.ReallyGreatReading.com)
Selective Tier II Interventions
REWARDS Secondary (also have REWARDS Plus Science and Social Studies)
Intensive Tier III Interventions
What is Fluency?
Reading fluency refers to reading with accuracy, automaticity, and prosody (WI DPI, 2020b, p.76).
Fluency Screeners/Assessment
FastBridge CBM
Selective Tier II Interventions
Intensive Tier III Interventions
What is Comprehension?
Refers to the process of simultaneously extracting and constructing meaning through interaction and involvement with written language. Extracting meaning is to understand what an author has stated, explicitly or implicitly. Constructing meaning is to interpret what an author has said by bringing one’s “capacities, abilities, knowledge, and experiences” to bear on what he or she is reading (Shanahan and others, 2010).
Selective Tier II Interventions
Explicit instruction in strategic comprehension strategies (resources: Scholastic Action or Scholastic Scope)
Intensive Tier III Interventions
What is writing?
Refers to the” process through which people communicate thoughts and ideas… can include beginning scribbles, drawings, random letter strings, single-letter spellings, invented spelling, or complete sentences and paragraphs… also can include students dictating ideas to an adult or peer for transcription” (Graham et al., 2018, p.42).
Selective Tier II Interventions
What is Vocabulary?
Refers to knowing words and word meanings, encompassing both expressive (words said or produced) and receptive vocabulary (words heard and understood) (Kosanovich, 2020, p. 1).
Selective Tier II Interventions
Intensive Tier III Interventions