Everything in Linux is "case sensitive" meaning upper-case and lower-case letters are not the same thing!
A folder called "Docs" and a folder called "docs" are two different folders.
Also, you can not have spaces in your file names! Linux will only see the first part before the space as the name. I used the underscore character when I want something like spaces in a name. Example: "this_is_my_folder_name"
ls
The ls command will "list" the files and directories in the current working directory. A directory is the same thing as a folder in Mac OS.
pwd
The pwd command will "print the working directory". It shows you where you are currently located in the computer, which directory you are standing inside. We are currently inside the "dcool" folder which is inside the "Users" folder which is in the "root" directory.
mkdir scuba
The mkdir command is "make directory". This will let you create a new directory / folder inside the computer. It creates it at your current location unless you specify another path.
cd scuba
The cd command is "change directory". This will let you move into different directories inside the computer.
touch scuba.txt
Use the "touch" command to create a new blank file. I used the .txt extension because this file will contain text.
mkdir scuba_files
mv scuba.txt scuba_files
We made a directory called "scuba_files" and then moved our "scuba.txt" files inside this new directory.
If you did a "pwd" command it would show: /Users/dcool/scuba That is our current working directory.
ls scuba_files
We are currently "standing" inside the /Users/dcool/scuba directory, but we can list the files one directory below in /Users/dcool/scuba/scuba_files with the command above. In the command above we used the relative directory.