Astronomy is the science that studies the celestial bodies of the universe, including stars, planets, their natural satellites, asteroids, comets and meteoroids, interstellar matter, nebulae, dark matter, galaxies and others; it also studies the astronomical phenomena related to them, such as supernovae, quasars, pulsars, cosmic background radiation, black holes, among others, as well as the natural laws that govern them. Astronomy also encompasses the study of the origin, development and final destiny of the Universe as a whole through cosmology, and is related to physics through astrophysics, chemistry through astrochemistry and biology through astrobiology.

astronomical phenomena are generators of potential risks and that these translate into probable damage or loss to an affectable agent, resulting from the interaction between its vulnerability and the presence of a disturbing agent.

Astronomical phenomena are disturbing agents generated by the activity of outer space which, when interacting with the Earth, cause destructive phenomena of different magnitudes. Giant impacts have been considered as one of the possible causes of mass extinction in some stages of the Earth, but they are not the only phenomena that have been considered as possible causes of extinctions. A non-exhaustive list of other possible causes is presented: impacts, massive volcanic eruptions, climatic changes, changes in ocean levels, pronounced greenhouse effect, activity of the Sun, nearby supernova explosions, gamma ray bursts, and so on.

Astronomical disturbing phenomena can be classified according to:

Space Weather- related to solar activity.

Impacts from space objects

But beyond the definition that indicates that they are events that include objects from outer space (comets and meteors), that some interact with our planet and have the ability to cause disturbances such as magnetic storms and the impact of meteorites, it is necessary to go deeper into this type of disturbing phenomena and that at the end of this article, each one determines their own conclusions, whether or not they should have been included.