Abstract

What is raw material?

A raw material is any good that is transformed during a production process until it becomes a consumer good.

Importance of raw material

Raw materials are the basis of any industrial or production process, the starting point of a production chain. Its importance is such that, without raw materials, we could not transform any good and, therefore, we could not convert them into consumer goods.

Types of raw material:

Non-renewable: these are raw materials whose reserves can be depleted if we continue to consume at an irrational rate.

Renewables: are those raw materials that are constantly found or that are of rapid production, so that it is difficult to deplete their reserves, at least in the short or medium term.

Raw materials can also be classified depending on their origin in the following types:

Vegetable origin: these are those raw materials derived from trees, plants and seeds, as well as from other natural derivatives, such as wood, rubber and cork.

Animal origin: are those raw materials that were part of the life of an animal, so that wool, leather, milk, pearls or silk are raw materials of animal origin, among many others.

Mineral origin: they are those raw materials that come from terrestrial deposits, as well as from the mixture of metals and other elements, such is the case of iron, gold, silver, platinum or copper.

Fossil origin: are those raw materials that have their origin in organic waste that have undergone a process of fossilization or sedimentation for thousands of years, originating products such as fossil fuels that have a very powerful energy value.

Universal origin: these are those raw materials that originated when the planet originated and that are present almost everywhere, such as oxygen in the air we breathe or water.

Synthetic origin: they are those materials that do not have a natural origin, that do not exist in nature and have been manufactured by man, such is the case of some uranium isotopes, for example.

The regulation of raw materials in El Salvador

The drug law gives the DNM the power to regulate raw materials, so everything related to production, import and use must be authorized by this regulatory entity.

As there are so many types of raw material, we will concentrate on the pharmaceutical area, to be more specific on alcohol gel. Various raw materials are used in the pharmaceutical area

Raw material transformation

Distilled water

Ethyl alcohol (96 °)

Triethanolamine

Glycerin

Carbopol

Procedure for the preparation of antibacterial gel:

1) Sift the Carbopol through a No. 40 (0.354mm) sieve to break up agglomerations that can cause problems when stirring in water.

2) Add a third of the water and place the Carbopol keeping constant stirring until a homogeneous paste without lumps is formed.

3) Add the antiseptic (alcohol and chlorhexidine gluconate) maintaining continuous stirring.

4) Add the glycerin and the pH neutralizer (triethanolamine); observe how the viscosity increases

5) After a period of time, when the gel gets consistency, the remaining water will be added.

6) Pack and store.

Scientific evidence

To verify the effectiveness of the combinations of these raw materials for the prevention of covid 19 the WHO, there are several academic and scientific articles that support their effectiveness

https://masoportunidades.org/como-hacer-alcohol-en-gel-segun-la-oms/

Glossary

Raw Material Monograph: A monograph is a document that deals with a particular topic because it is dedicated to using various sources compiled and processed by one or more authors.

Antibacterial: is any cleaning product to which antimicrobial ingredients have been added. These chemicals kill bacteria and microbes.

Sanitizer: it is a compound that reduces but does not necessarily eliminate microorganisms from the environment and inanimate objects.

Sifting: it is a mechanical method to separate two solids formed by particles of different sizes.

Homogeneous mixture: It is the combination of 2 or more elements.

Investigation conclusion

The raw materials analyzed in this research are important for the prevention of Covid 19 because there is scientific evidence of their effectiveness on the skin, therefore they must be regulated locally, to avoid poisoning or adverse effects in humans

The advantage of the combination of these products allows to reduce the risk in the handling of alcohol, in addition to allowing a better use, because of the way it is used it does not spill or evaporate easily.

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