3.01 Multiple Choice: Reader and Writer- Use Unit 3 Progress Check MCQ in AP Classroom
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The AP _______ asks students to look at texts from two different _______: as a reader and as a writer
As a reader, students will be asked to
analyze the function of a _______strategy
identify the _______ of the passage
determine the writer’s purpose
determine which words are contributing to a _______ tone
As a _______, students will be asked to
evaluate if a specific sentence or word
explore _______, but equally effective rhetorical strategies
consider the impact of an edit to a _______ statement
determine if a particular sentence would help the writer achieve his or her purpose
evaluate how a substitution in word _______ might impact the tone
Some questions on the AP exam will treat the student as a reader:
What was the _______ of including the anecdote about the lake?
What was the _______ purpose for writing?
Other questions on the AP exam will treat the student as a writer:
How would this poem be _______ if the title was “Still Waters” instead of “Calm Waters”?
How would this essay be different if the _______ focused on the emotional impact of immigration instead of the economic impact?
3.02 Figurative Language in Argument
Figurative language means anything that we shouldn’t take_______
Writers use _______ language to add flavor to their writing. Reading something without figurative language can be boring, like reading an instruction manual
There are many different _______ of figurative language. Some common examples include…
Simile - comparison between two _______ using like or as
Your smile is as beautiful as the sunrise
Metaphor- comparison between two things_______using like or as
Your smile is a ray of sunshine
Allusion - reference to something else from history,_______, or pop culture
Wow, the Hulk better watch out, because you’re strong!
Hyperbole - exaggeration
I’m so hungry I could eat a hundred tacos
3.03 The Power of Diction
Diction is the author's _______of words
Diction is usually divided into two types: _______and informal language
Formal language is used in specialized _______ such as legal documents, business letters, technical or instructional manuals, and scholarly articles and _______. Formal language avoids contractions and slang, and it sounds “official” or academic.
Informal language is more _______ and can be found in newspapers, advertising, magazines, and some fictional literature. Informal language often has _______ and slang
Here are a few examples of how DICTION can affect writing...
Language
Definition
Example
Archaic
Words that are old-fashioned and no longer in use.
I pray thee pardon me.
Thou shalt not leave now.
Colloquialism
Expressions are accepted in informal writings and spoken by the general public, but not found in formal writing.
I'll get back to you on that.
Idiom
A phrase or expression that is not taken literally for its meaning.
I just died when I saw the wedding dress!
Jargon
The specialized vocabulary used in any professional area such as medical, legal, and technical fields.
The app takes up too much memory on my phone.
Slang
Informal expressions used by particular groups and often considered exaggerated or modern.
The party was groovy!
Cliché
An expression that is so overused, it no longer creates an interesting effect in writing.
His eyes were as cold as ice.
Euphemism
The substitution of a word considered too blunt, for one that is milder.
Twenty employees were laid off due to downsizing.
Loaded Language
Words or expressions that are "weighed down" with importance that appeals to the emotions.
We have a right to protest this downsizing.
Sexist Language
Words or expressions that promote gender stereotypes. Word of caution! Some words such as "he" and "she" are needed sometimes; not all gender-determining language can be eliminated.
Our postman is always on time.
The stewardess brought our meals as soon as the plane was airborne.
3.04 Taking a Position
The AP test will ask students to take a _______ about something.
Taking a position means clearly _______ if you’re for or against something
If a student is for an issue, or agrees with a position or assertion, he or she is _______ it.
When you defend, you focus on the author’s points with which you agree.
If a student is against an issue or disagrees with a position or assertion, he or she is _______ it.
When you challenge, you focus on the author’s points with which you _______.
If a student agrees with some points but disagrees with others, he or she is _______ it.
Qualifying a position is difficult, and most students are advised to choose _______or challenging a position.
3.05 Establishing a Line of Reasoning
When you respond to a prompt, you take a position and establish a _______ of reasoning
A Line of reasoning is a set of _______ or claims carefully constructed to support a conclusion
A strong line of reasoning is carefully_______, like a puzzle; the pieces can only fit together one way if the argument is going to be tight, and each claim “snaps” into position so that the _______ which came before and after make sense to the reader. You can’t re-order them, or the puzzle falls apart
3.06 Analyzing Syntax
Syntax is the _______of words and phrases
Syntax can make your writing _______ or boring. One way to make your writing pop is to vary the sentence length- don’t just write all short or all long sentences- mix it up
Other ways to keep your writing fresh is to make _______ in word order and sentence structure
3.08 Crafting Periodic and Loose Sentences
Diction means _______ choice
Syntax is the _______of words and phrases
In a RHETORICAL_______, your job is to tell WHY an author used _______ strategies
It is not good enough to just identify the rhetorical strategy, students should also be able to tell WHY the author chose this strategy. Students should be able to describe the reasoning behind the author’s choices
A loose sentence reveals the _______ clause right away and unfolds loosely after that through the use of subordinate phrases and clauses.
I came home in the wee hours of morning when the sun and the moon trade places.
A _______ sentence begins with phrases and possibly subordinate clauses followed by the independent clause of the sentence. Periodic sentences are also called _______ sentences because they build up to the main clause or idea.
In the wee hours of morning when the sun and the moon trade places, I came home.
Just like with syntax, a good writer varies the use of loose and periodic sentences to keep their writing_______
3.09 Developing Commentary
Commentary
…comments on the _______
... explains what the evidence reveals
...elaborates on how evidence _______ the claim
...connects the _______ to the thesis
Commentary is what students use to _______ their evidence, their thesis statements, and their conclusions. _______ is the difference between a boring skeleton of an outline and a fully fleshed-out essay