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The song contains all of the elements that we knew about (up until 2018). You do not need to learn them all. Handily they are all written down in the periodic table of elements.
The elements in a group all react in a similar way and sometimes show a pattern in reactivity.
As you go down a group and across a period the elements show patterns in physical properties.
The elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of atomic (proton) number and so that elements with similar properties are in columns, known as groups.
The table is called a periodic table because similar properties occur at regular intervals.
Elements in the same group in the periodic table have the same number of electrons in their outer shell (outer electrons) and this gives them similar chemical properties.
Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells as each other so have the same atomic radius. This means that the size of atoms increases as you go down the table
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