Government

Even though the Cherokee empire was very large (covering parts of eight modern states), it had a national government that was effective and efficient. It was divided into a White and Red Government. Each main town maintained it's own system of government on the local level that was modeled after the national government.

"Seven" is a very significant and sacred number to the Cherokee. In addition to seven counselors, there are seven clans, and seven mother towns that served as clan headquarters, and a seven sided council house with a section of seats for representatives from each clan.

The White Government

Each village of the Cherokee had two governmental units. The most common was the White Government, or the Peace Government. The White Government had complete control of all affairs dealing with the normal operation of the village. The government consisted of older and wiser men who would not make foolish decisions. the White Government led the ceremonies of the tribe and acts in a judicial (courts) and legislative (makes laws) capacity.

The White Government was led by the Chief of the tribe and his right hand man and speaker. He also had prime counselors (one from every clan, including the right hand man) and a council of elders. The government also consisted of messengers and officers who were very knowledgable in the traditional and spiritual ceremonies.

The Red Government

The Red Government, or the War Government had complete control over the village during times of war. The government consisted of younger men who were knowledgable in warfare.

The Red Government was led by the Great Red War Chief, The Great War Chief's Second, and the War Woman. He also had seven War Counselors (one from each clan) that were in charge of declaring war when they felt the circumstances made it necessary. The War Woman declared the fate of captives and prisoners that were taken in times of war. The captives and prisoners may be adopted into the tribe or be killed. Like the White Government, there were also messengers and officers who were very knowledgable in the traditional and spiritual ceremonies.