Fractions have been plaguing our education system for quite some time. For the most part these problems center on one big reason understanding that fractions are a part-whole relationship. The more that we teach our students that 1/2 or any fraction for that matter, is not just 1 shaded section out of the two pieces but that it is one part of the two the better our students will start to understand this relationship. In addition, students need more work with concrete materials before moving onto abstract thinking. One the right hand side is Fosnot's Landscape of learning, a great resource for understanding the models, big ideas and strategies for fractions. Below I have also included some literature, lessons, and student samples.