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Research Activities:
Research Activities:
Materials Design and Characterisation research group portfolio is mainly dedicated to materials characterisations, advanced manufacturing, physical metallurgy, materials processing, materials performance and integrity, casting technology, forging, phase transformation and heat treatment, structure/property relationship, additive manufacturing, mechanical property of materials, deformation mechanism, microtexture and texture analysis for the materials used in power generation, automotive and aero-engine applications. Examples of our existing fundamental and industrial related research studies are shown below:
Materials Design and Characterisation research group portfolio is mainly dedicated to materials characterisations, advanced manufacturing, physical metallurgy, materials processing, materials performance and integrity, casting technology, forging, phase transformation and heat treatment, structure/property relationship, additive manufacturing, mechanical property of materials, deformation mechanism, microtexture and texture analysis for the materials used in power generation, automotive and aero-engine applications. Examples of our existing fundamental and industrial related research studies are shown below:
· Crystallographic Texture and Strain Correlations: The influence of local texture, global/macro/meso/micro-texture and orientation clusters and strain/stress incompatibilities in a polycrystalline material on deformation mechanism and fracture mechanics in the alloys used in aggressive environments,
· Crystallographic Texture and Strain Correlations: The influence of local texture, global/macro/meso/micro-texture and orientation clusters and strain/stress incompatibilities in a polycrystalline material on deformation mechanism and fracture mechanics in the alloys used in aggressive environments,
· Process-Property Correlations: The effects of processing parameters (during investment casting, forging, rolling, HIPing, welding and additive manufacturing), heat treatments and aging on mechanical properties of high temperature alloys,
· Process-Property Correlations: The effects of processing parameters (during investment casting, forging, rolling, HIPing, welding and additive manufacturing), heat treatments and aging on mechanical properties of high temperature alloys,
· Microstructure-Property Relationship: Using various mechanical and microstructural characterisations techniques to investigate structure-property correlations in superalloys, ferrous and HCP alloys
· Microstructure-Property Relationship: Using various mechanical and microstructural characterisations techniques to investigate structure-property correlations in superalloys, ferrous and HCP alloys
· In-situ Mechanical Testing and Heat Treatment: Utilising HR-EBSD, Digital Image Correlation, Synchrotron and Neutron Diffraction techniques to investigate deformation mechanism, recrystallisation and phase transformation of metals and alloys at RT and high temperature conditions.
· In-situ Mechanical Testing and Heat Treatment: Utilising HR-EBSD, Digital Image Correlation, Synchrotron and Neutron Diffraction techniques to investigate deformation mechanism, recrystallisation and phase transformation of metals and alloys at RT and high temperature conditions.
· Mechanical Property Optimisation: Enhancing creep, fatigue, dwell fatigue properties of the critical alloys used in aerospace, nuclear, energy, automotive and power generation sectors via microstructure engineering.
· Mechanical Property Optimisation: Enhancing creep, fatigue, dwell fatigue properties of the critical alloys used in aerospace, nuclear, energy, automotive and power generation sectors via microstructure engineering.
· Ductility Issue in advanced structural alloys.
· Ductility Issue in advanced structural alloys.
· Data Visualisation: Exploring the potential of data mining and visualisation in alloy’s structure-property relationship studies.
· Data Visualisation: Exploring the potential of data mining and visualisation in alloy’s structure-property relationship studies.
· Crack Initiation and Propagation in HCP and FCC alloys under various loading conditions.
· Crack Initiation and Propagation in HCP and FCC alloys under various loading conditions.
· High Temperature Oxidation of alloys and its influence on materials performance.
· High Temperature Oxidation of alloys and its influence on materials performance.
· Magnetic Property Optimisation in electrical steel for future electric car and transformer applications.
· Magnetic Property Optimisation in electrical steel for future electric car and transformer applications.
Case studies:
Case studies:
Case Study 1.
Case Study 1.
Since 1930, many postulations reported on the mechanism on abnormal grain growth (AGG) which is the key for Si-Fe superior magnetic properties, however, none have provided a concrete understanding of this phenomenon. From our recent investigation we established and demonstrated a new theory that underlines the fundamental mechanistic approach of abnormal grain growth in 3% Si-Fe steel. It is demonstrated, that the external heat flux direction applied during annealing and Si atom positions in the solid solution disordered a-Fe cube unit cell that cause lattice distortions and BCC symmetry reduction are the most influential factors in the early stage of Goss AGG than what was previously thought to be dislocation related stored energy, grain boundary characteristics and grain size/orientation advantages. The article published from this work reviewed and revaluated the main theories developed since the past century on AGG in electrical steels and proposed a new theory with a proven experimental demonstration. The theory was discussed in many national and international conferences for the past years and attracted great attention in electrical steel and physical metallurgy communities. The theory and its demonstration testified here has already created a new aspect into studying AGG and its control mechanistically, technologically and experimentally. We will further investigate the heat flow direction effect on grain growth based on the theory described in this article. This work was conducted in collaboration with Cogent Orb (electrical steel producer) and ISIS neutron diffraction facility in Oxford
“Soran Birosca, Ali Nadoum, Diween Hawezy, Fiona Robinson, Winfried Kockelmann, Mechanistic Approach of Goss Abnormal Grain Growth in Electrical Steel: Theory and Argument, Acta Materialia, Volume 185, Pages: 370-381, 2020”.
Case Study 2.
Case Study 2.
Our published work with Cummins Turbo technologies reported pioneering theoretical and technological advancements in casting technology through recommending alternative manufacturing parameters for investment casting to the world largest turbocharger manufacturer, i.e., Cummins Turbo Technologies. The work attracted the aerospace companies’ interest and presented in many international conferences. The improved alloy’s microstructure using this new casting parameters have played a critical role in efficiency enhancement of the turbocharger to reduce CO2 generation in engines. The work contributed greatly to the further understanding the fatigue mechanism of IN713C produced by investment casting. Furthermore, understanding and prioritising the key factors that undermine/weaken fatigue properties in IN713C nickel-based superalloy that recommended in this collaborating work had provided guidance for the future alloy design and future industrial production process. Moreover, the 3D perspective adopted in the investigation offered a good technical background and knowledge transfer for other investigation in physical and mechanical metallurgy fields.
Case Study 3.
Case Study 3.
The work on GOTA (Greater Operating Temperature Alloy) project under CleanSky European funded program was conducted to quantify each microstructure parameters that affect ductility reduction in titanium alloys. The parameters included: α-case formation, α2 and silicide precipitates volume fractions, grain boundary characteristics, microtexture, grain orientation and morphology as well as grain size /shape. This exact quantification lead to some critical conclusions which helped the industrial partners to consider the Ti-834 processing parameters as well as modification of the chemical composition of Ti-834 used for aerospace applications. The ductility issue is highly imperative aspect for aerospace industry as the ductility regression is the main concern in using Ti-834 titanium alloy at temperatures above 500ºC for aerospace applications. In the published article from this work, a new theoretical model supported by experimental observations was proposed to describe the influence of alloying element partitioning during high temperature exposure on the deformation mechanism. In addition to high-resolution SEM and EBSD analysis, EDS mappings were performed at high spatial resolution in order to determine alloying element partitioning at nano scale
The mechanism of Goss AGG in GOES. The initiation of AGG is shown in GOES during secondary annealing at 1070°C/8min.
Grain orientation and structure distribution across the fracture surface in sample H-C. Parts of IPFs // LD (c) are displayed corresponding to the red dashed sectioning lines in (a). Calculated slip traces for {111} slip planes in facet grains (G5, G6 and G7) are superimposed and the highest Schmid factor value for each slip plane are displayed for each facet grain in (d). (b) Both top and bottom half of fractured sample at some locations are sectioned and EBSD scanned to reveal the whole facet grain. (e) Intersection of three grains that produce the pore.
EBSD-derived IPF//Y, Pole Figures, Inverse Pole Figures and ODFs for Cast (a) and (b) Forged alloys, (c) schematic representation of standard (0001) and (10-10) pole figures for ideal Basal and Transverse texture components.
Publications:
Publications:
Links to MD&C Research Group Publications:
Links to MD&C Research Group Publications:
Prof. Birosca is Editorial Board Member for “Metals” journal: peer-reviewed, open access Journal, published by MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute) publisher, Impact factor of 2.17: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/metals/editors
Prof. Birosca is Editorial Board Member for “Metals” journal: peer-reviewed, open access Journal, published by MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute) publisher, Impact factor of 2.17: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/metals/editors
Current Special issue for publications should be submitted to "Current Opinion and Development in Superalloy Research": https://www.mdpi.com/journal/metals/special_issues/superalloy_research
Current Special issue for publications should be submitted to "Current Opinion and Development in Superalloy Research": https://www.mdpi.com/journal/metals/special_issues/superalloy_research
Metals Special Issue: "Mechanical and Microstructural Characterisations of Nickel Based Superalloys" 2018-2019: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/metals/special_issues/Nickel_Based_Superalloys
Metals Special Issue: "Mechanical and Microstructural Characterisations of Nickel Based Superalloys" 2018-2019: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/metals/special_issues/Nickel_Based_Superalloys
Book: Soran Birosca (Editor), "Process-Structure-Property Relationships in Metals", Metals, MDPI, Basal, Switzerland 2016, ISBN 978-3-03842-457-4: http://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/334
Book: Soran Birosca (Editor), "Process-Structure-Property Relationships in Metals", Metals, MDPI, Basal, Switzerland 2016, ISBN 978-3-03842-457-4: http://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/334
Book: Soran Birosca and Stanislav Kolisnychenko (Editors): Superalloys II: https://www.scientific.net/book/superalloys-ii/978-3-0357-3263-4
Book: Soran Birosca and Stanislav Kolisnychenko (Editors): Superalloys II: https://www.scientific.net/book/superalloys-ii/978-3-0357-3263-4
Contact:
Materials Design and Characterisation (MD&C) Research Group School of Mechanical and Design EngineeringUniversity of Portsmouth Anglesea building Anglesea Road, Portsmouth, PO1 3DJHampshire, United KingdomEmail: soran.birosca@port.ac.uk Contact:
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