PALO MANUSCRIPTS:
Iverson, A.R., Humple, D.L., Cormier, R.L., Hahn, T.P., Block, T.A., Shizuka, D., Lyon, B.E., Chaine, A.S., Hudson, E.J. and Hull, E.M. 2024. Winter GPS tagging reveals home ranges during the breeding season for a boreal-nesting migrant songbird, the Golden-crowned Sparrow. PLoS ONE 19: e0305369. [View PDF] [View Summary]
Iverson, A. R., D. L. Humple, R. L. Cormier, J. Hull. 2023. Land cover and NDVI are important predictors in habitat selection along migration for the Golden-crowned Sparrow, a temperate-zone migrating songbird. Movement Ecology 11: 1-19. [View PDF]
Saracco, J. F., Cormier, R. L., Humple, D. L., Stock, S., Taylor, R., & Siegel, R. B. (2022). Demographic responses to climate-driven variation in habitat quality across the annual cycle of a migratory bird species. Ecology and Evolution, 12, e8934. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8934
Dettling, M. D, K. E. Dybala, D. L. Humple, and T. Gardali (2021). Protected areas safeguard landbird populations in central coastal California: evidence from long-term population trends. Ornithological Applications. https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duab035 [View Supplementary Materials]
Humple, D. L., R. L. Cormier, R. D. Burnett, T. Will Richardson, N. E. Seavy, K. E. Dybala, T. Gardali. 2020. Migration tracking reveals geographic variation in the vulnerability of a Nearctic-Neotropical migrant bird. Scientific Reports 10: 1-7. [View PDF] [View Summary] [View Behind the Scenes Nature blog post] [View Supplementary Information]
Brlik, V., J. Koleček, M. Burgess, S. Hahn, D. Humple [et al.]. 2019. Weak effects of geolocators on small birds: a meta-analysis controlled for phylogeny and publication bias. Journal of Animal Ecology 89(1), pp.207-220. [View PDF]
Lisovski, S., S. Bauer, M. Briedis, S.C. Davidson, K.L Dhanjal‐Adams, , M.T. Hallworth, J. Karagicheva, C.M. Meier, B. Merkel, J. Ouwehand, L. Pedersen, E. Rakhimberdiev, A. Roberto-Charron, N. E. Seavy, [et al.]. 2019. Light‐level geolocator analyses: A user's guide. Journal of Animal Ecology, 89(1), pp.221-236. [View PDF]
Lisovski, S., Z. Németh, J.C. Wingfield, J.S. Krause, K.A. Hobson, N.E. Seavy, Gee, J. and M. Ramenofsky. 2019. Migration pattern of Gambel’s White-crowned Sparrow along the Pacific Flyway. Journal of Ornithology, 160(4), pp.1097-1107. [View PDF]
Lisovski, S., H. Schmaljohann, E.S. Bridge, S. Bauer, A. Farnsworth, S.A. Gauthreaux Jr, S. Hahn, M.T. Hallworth, C.M. Hewson, J.F. Kelly, F. Liechti, P.P. Marra, E. Rakhimberdiev, J.D. Ross, N.E. Seavy [et al.] 2018. Inherent limits of light-level geolocation may lead to over-interpretation. Current Biology, 28(3), pp.R99-R100. [View PDF]
Seavy, N. E., D. L. Humple, R. L. Cormier, E. L. Porzig, and T. Gardali. 2018. Evidence of the effects of climate change on landbirds in western North America: A review and recommendations for future research, in Trends and traditions: Avifaunal change in western North America (W. D. Shuford, R. E. Gill Jr., and C. M. Handel, eds.), pp. 331–343. Studies of Western Birds 3. Western Field Ornithologists, Camarillo, CA; doi 10.21199/SWB3.18. [View PDF]
Nur, N., D. L. Humple, and L. Salas. 2018. Migratory Bird Arrivals. In Indicators of Climate Change in California (2018). Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency. Pages 232–242.
[View Full Report PDF] [View This Chapter PDF]
Fraser, K. C., A. Roberto-Charron, B. Cousens, M. Simmons, A. Nightingale, A. Shave, R. L. Cormier, and D. L. Humple. 2018. Classic pattern of leap-frog migration in Sooty Fox Sparrow (Passerella iliaca unalaschcensis) is not supported by direct migration tracking of individual birds. The Auk 134: 572-582. [View PDF]
Porzig, E. L., N. E. Seavy, J. M. Eadie , T. Gardali, D. L. Humple, and G. R. Geupel. 2018. There goes the neighborhood: White-crowned Sparrow nest site selection and reproductive success as local density declines. Condor 120: 234-244. [View PDF] [View Summary]
Cormier, R. L., D. L. Humple, T. Gardali, N. E. Seavy. 2016. Migratory connectivity of Golden-crowned Sparrows from two wintering regions in California. Animal Migration 3: 48-56. [View PDF] [View Summary]
Porzig, E. L., N. E. Seavy, J. Eadie, D. L. Humple, G. R. Geupel, T. Gardali. 2016. Interspecific interactions, population variation, and environmental forcing in the context of the community. Ecosphere 7: 1-7. [View PDF]
Nelson, A. R., R. L. Cormier, D. L. Humple, J. C. Scullen, R. Sehgal, N. E. Seavy. 2016. Migration patterns of San Francisco Bay Area Hermit Thrushes differ across a fine spatial scale. Animal Migration 3: 1-13. [View PDF] [View Summary]
Rakhimberdiev, E., D. W. Winkler, E. Bridge, N. E. Seavy, D. Sheldon, T. Piersma, and A. Saveliev. 2015. A hidden Markov model for reconstructing animal paths from solar geolocation loggers using templates for light. Movement Ecology 3:25. [View PDF]
Kellermann, J. L., C. A. F. Enquist, D. L. Humple, N. E. Seavy, A. Rosemartin, R. L. Cormier, and L. Barnett. 2015. A bird’s-eye view of the USA National Phenology Network: an off-the-shelf monitoring program. Pp. 47-60 in E. M. Wood and J. L. Kellermann (editors). Phenological synchrony and bird migration: changing climate and seasonal resources in North America. Studies in Avian Biology (no. 47), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. [View PDF] [View Summary]
Porzig, E. L., N. E. Seavy, T. Gardali, G. R. Geupel, M. Holyoak, and J. M. Eadie. 2014. Habitat suitability through time: using time series and habitat models to understand changes in bird density. Ecosphere 5(2):12. http://dx. doi.org/10.1890/ES13-00166.1 [View PDF] [View Summary]
Dybala, K. E., T. Gardali, and J. M. Eadie. 2013. Dependent vs. independent juvenile survival: contrasting drivers of variation and the buffering effect of parental care. Ecology, 94(7): 1584–1593. [View PDF] [View Summary]
Dybala, K. E., J. M. Eadie, T. Gardali, N. E . Seavy, and M. P. Herzog. 2013. Projecting demographic responses to climate change: adult and juvenile survival respond differently to direct and indirect effects of weather in a passerine population. Global Change Biology 19:1584-1593. [View PDF] [View Summary]
Cormier, R. L., D. L. Humple, T. Gardali, and N. E. Seavy. 2013. Light-level geolocators reveal strong migratory connectivity and within winter movements for a coastal California Swainson’s Thrush population. The Auk 130: 283-290. [View PDF] [View Summary]
Seavy, N. E., and T. Gardali. 2012. Developing a riparian bird index to communicate restoration success in Marin County, California. Ecological Restoration 30:157-160. [View PDF]
Harn, L. J., N. K. Elliott, and D. L. Humple. 2012. New longevity records from PRBO’s Palomarin Field Station. North American Bird Bander 37: 132-133. [View PDF]
Seavy, N. E., D. L. Humple, R. L. Cormier, and T. Gardali. 2012. Establishing the breeding provenance of a temperate-wintering North American passerine, the Golden-crowned Sparrow, using light-level geolocation. 2012. PlosOne 7(4): e34886. [View PDF]
Goodman, R. E., G. Lebuhn, N. E. Seavy, T. Gardali, J. D. Bluso-Demers. 2012. Avian body size changes and climate change: warming or increasing variability? Global Change Biology 18: 63-73. [View PDF]
Spotswood, E. N., K. R. Goodman, J. Carlisle, R. L. Cormier, D. L. Humple, J. Rousseau, S. L. Guers, and G. G. Barton. 2011. How safe is mist netting? Evaluating the risk of injury and mortality to birds. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 3: 29-38. [View PDF]
Elrod, M. L., N. E. Seavy, and R. L. Cormier. 2011. Incidence of eccentric molt in first-year Wrentits increases with fledge date. Journal of Field Ornithology 82: 325-332. [View PDF]
Culliney, S. and T. Gardali. 2011. Patterns in movement, captures and phenology of Sharp-shinned hawks in central coastal California. Journal of Raptor Research 45: 160-167. [View PDF]
Porzig, E. L., K. E. Dybala, T. Gardali, G. Ballard, G. R. Geupel, and J. A. Wiens. 2011. Forty-five years and counting: reflections from the Palomarin field station on the contribution of long-term monitoring and recommendations for the future. The Condor 113: 713-723. [View PDF]
Herzog, M., J. Wiens, D. Humple. 2009. Migratory bird arrivals. In Indicators of Climate Change in California. Linda Mazur and Carmen Milanes, Eds. Report by the California Environmental Protection Agency and the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. [View PDF]
Richardson, T. W., T Gardali and S. H. Jenkins. 2009. Review and meta-analysis of camera effects on avian nest success. Journal of Wildlife Management 73(2): 287-293. [View PDF]
Jennings, S., T. Gardali, N. E. Seavy, and G. R. Geupel. 2009. Effects of mist netting on reproductive performance of Wrentits and Song Sparrows in central coastal California. The Condor 111: 488-496. [View PDF]
Seavy, N. E., K. E. Dybala, and M. A. Snyder. 2008. Climate Models and Ornithology. Auk 125: 1-10. [View PDF]
Jongsomjit, D., S. L. Jones, G. R. Geupel, T. Gardali, P. J. Gouse. A Guide to Nestling Development and Aging in Altricial Passerines. 2007. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Technical Publication. [View PDF]
MacMynowski, D. P., T. L. Root, G. Ballard, and G. R. Geupel. 2007. Changes in spring arrival of Nearctic-Neotropical migrants attributed to multiscalar climate. Global Change Biology 13: 1-13. [View PDF]
Chase, M. K., N. Nur, and G. R. Geupel. 2005. Effects of weather and population density on reproductive success and population dynamics in a Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) population: a long-term study. The Auk 122(2):571-592. [View PDF]
White, J. D., T. Gardali, F. R. Thompson III, and J. Faaborg. 2005. Resource selection by juvenile Swainson's Thrushes during the postfledging period. The Condor 107: 388-401. [View PDF]
Samuels, I. A., T. Gardali, D. L. Humple, and G. R. Geupel. 2005. Winter site fidelity and body condition of three riparian songbird species following a fire. Western North American Naturalist 65:45-52. [View PDF]
Chessey, A., and K. Dybala. 2005. Hutton’s Vireo: Longevity record and interesting movement. North American Bird Bander 30(1):27. [View PDF]
Ballard, G., G. R. Geupel, and N. Nur. 2004. Influence of mist-netting intensity on demographic investigations of avian populations. Studies in Avian Biology. 29:21-27. [View PDF]
Michaud, J. C., T. Gardali, N. Nur, and D. J. Girman. 2004. Effects of nest predation and brood parasitism on population viability of Wilson's Warblers in coastal California. Wilson Bulletin 116:41-47. [View PDF]
White, J. D., T. Gardali. 2004. Low incidence of cowbird parasitism on Swainson's Thrushes in central coastal California. Western Birds 35: 156-157. [View PDF]
Nur, N., G. R. Geupel and G. Ballard. 2004. Estimates of adult survival, capture probability, and recapture probability: evaluating and validating constant effort mist-netting. Studies in Avian Biology. 29:63-70. [View PDF]
Thomas, L., G. R. Geupel, N. Nur and G. Ballard. 2004. Optimizing the Allocation of Count Days in a Migration Monitoring Program. Studies in Avian Biology. 29:97-111. [View PDF]
Humple, D. L. 2004. Book Review of: Ageing North American landbirds by molt limits and plumage criteria: a photographic companion to the identification guide to North American Birds, Part I. Western Birds 35: 53-56. [View PDF]
Ballard, G., G.R. Geupel, N. Nur, and T. Gardali. 2003. Long-term declines and decadal patterns in population trends of songbirds in western North America, 1979-1999. The Condor 105:737-755. [View PDF]
Cormier, R.L., T. Gardali, and S. Hudson. 2003. Tertial molt in first-year Chestnut-backed Chickadees. North American Bird Bander. 28: 2. [View PDF]
Gardali, T., D.C. Barton, J.D. White, and G.R. Geupel. 2003. Juvenile and adult survival of Swainson’s Thrush (Catharus Ustulatus) in coastal California: annual estimates using capture-recapture analyses. The Auk 120(4):1188-1194. [View PDF]
Howell, S.N.G. and T. Gardali. 2003. Phenology, sex ratios, and population trends of Selasphorus hummingbirds in central coastal California. J. Field Ornithology. 74(1):17-25. [View PDF]
Maute, K. L. 2003. Note on Longevity of North American Birds. North American Bird Bander.28(1). [View PDF]
Gardali, T. G.R. Geupel, A.L. Holmes, and D.L. Humple. 2003. Landbird response to wildfire in a coastal riparian system. Pages 57-64 in Faber, P.M. (ed.) California Riparian Systems: Processes and Floodplain Management, Ecology, and Restoration. 2001 Riparian Habitat and Floodplains Conference Proceedings, Riparian Habitat Joint Venture, Sacramento, CA. [View PDF]
Chase, M.K. 2002. Nest site selection and nest success in a Song Sparrow population: the significance of spatial variation. The Condor 104:103-116. [View PDF]
Geupel, G.R. and G. Ballard. 2002. Wrentit (Chamaea fasciata). The Birds of North America, no. 652 (now Birds of the World [P. G. Rodewald, Editor], version 1.1, 2023), Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. [View member-only link]
Weathers, W.W., C.L. Davidson, C.R. Olson, M.L Morton, N. Nur and T.R Famula. 2002. Altitudinal variation in parental energy expenditure by White-crowned Sparrows. Journal of Experimental Biology 205: 2915-2924. [View PDF]
Humple, D.L., N. Nur, G.R. Geupel and M.P. Lynes. 2001. Female-biased sex ratio in a wintering population of Ruby-crowned Kinglets. Wilson Bulletin 113(4): 419-424. [View PDF]
Flannery, M.E. and T. Gardali. 2000. Incomplete first prebasic molt in the Wrentit. Western Birds. 31:249-251. [View PDF]
Gardali, T. and G. Ballard. 2000. Warbling Vireo. The Birds of North America, no. 551 (now Birds of the World [A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill, Editors], version 1.0, 2020), Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. [View member-only link]
Gardali, T. G. Ballard, N. Nur, and G.R. Geupel. 2000. Demography of a declining population of Warbling Vireos in coastal California. The Condor 102:601-609. [View PDF]
Nur, N., G. R. Geupel, and G. Ballard. 2000. The use of constant-effort mist-netting to monitor demographic processes in passerine birds: annual variation in survival, productivity, and floaters. Pages 185-194 in R. Bonney, D. N. Pashley, R. J. Cooper, and L. Niles, editors. Strategies for bird conservation: The partners in flight planning process; Proceedings of the 3rd Partners in Flight workshop; 1995 October 1-5; Proceedings RMRS-P-16. U.S.Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Center, Ogden, UT. [View PDF]
Humple, D.L. 1999. House Wren with 14 rectrices. North American Bird Bander 24(4). [View PDF]
Nur, N., S.L. Jones & G.R. Geupel. 1999. Statistical guide to data analysis of avian monitoring programs. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Biological Technical Publication BTP-R6001-1999. [View PDF]
Silkey, M., N. Nur and G.R.Geupel. 1999. The use of mist-net capture rates to monitor annual variation in abundance: a validation study. The Condor 101:288-298. [View PDF]
Chase, M.K., N. Nur, and G.R. Geupel. 1997. Survival, productivity, and abundance in a Wilson’s Warbler population. The Auk 114(3):354-366. [View PDF]
Pyle, P., S.N.G. Howell & G. Yanega. 1997. Molt, retained flight feathers and age in North American hummingbirds. Festschrift for Allan R. Phillips. Albuquerque : Robert W. Dickerman, pp. 155-166. [View PDF]
Yanega, G.M., Pyle, P. and Geupel, G.R., 1997. The timing and reliability of bill corrugations for ageing hummingbirds. Western Birds, 28, pp.13-18. [View PDF]
Johnson M.D. and G.R. Geupel. 1996. The importance of productivity to the dynamics of a Swainson’s Thrush population. The Condor 98:133-141. [View PDF]
Baker, M., N. Nur, and G.R.Geupel. 1995. Correcting biased estimates of dispersal and survival due to limited study area: theory and an application using Wrentits. The Condor 97:663-674. [View PDF]
Pyle, P. & S.N.G. Howell. 1995. Flight-feather molt patterns and age in North American woodpeckers. Journal of Field Ornithology 66(4):564-581. [View PDF]
Super, P.E. and C. vanRiper III. 1995. A comparison of avian hematozoan epizootiology in two California coastal scrub communities. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 31(4):447-461. [View PDF]
Taylor, D.M., D.F. DeSante, G.R. Geupel and K. Houghton. 1994. Autumn populations of landbirds along central coastal California 1976-1986. Journal of Field Ornithology 65(2):169-185. [View PDF]
Geupel, G.R. and N. Nur. 1993. Monitoring bird populations: the role of bird observatories and nongovernmental organizations. In: D.M. Finch & P.W. Stangel (eds.), Status and management of neotropical migratory birds:275-279 (USDA Forest Service Publication GTR RM-229). [View PDF]
Martin, T.E. and G.R. Geupel. 1993. Nest-monitoring plots: methods for locating nests and monitoring success. Journal of Field Ornithology 64(4):507-519. [View PDF]
Nur, N. and G.R. Geupel. 1993. Evaluating mist-netting, nest-searching and other methods of monitoring demographic processes in landbird populations. In: D.M. Finch & P.W. Stangel (eds.), Status and management of neotropical migratory birds:237-244 (USDA Forest Service Publication GTR RM-229). [View PDF]
Ralph, C.J., G.R. Geupel, P. Pyle, T.E. Martin and D.F. DeSante. 1993. Handbook of field methods for monitoring landbirds. U.S. Department of Agriculture General Technical Report PSW-GTR-144. [View PDF]
Trail, P.W. and L.F. Baptista. 1993. The impact of Brown-headed Cowbird parasitism on populations of the Nuttall’s White-Crowned Sparrow. Conservation Biology 7(2):309-315. [View PDF]
Geupel, G.R. and D.F. DeSante. 1990. Incidence and determinants of double brooding in Wrentits. The Condor 92:67-75. [View PDF]
DeSante, D.F. and L. Baptista 1989. Factors affecting the termination of breeding in Nuttall’s White-crowned Sparrows. The Wilson Bulletin 101(1): 120-124. [View PDF]
DeSante, D.F. and G.R. Geupel. 1987. Landbird productivity in central coastal California: the relationship to annual rainfall, and a reproductive failure in 1986. The Condor 89:636-653. [View PDF]
Isenhart, F.R. and D.F. DeSante. 1985. Observations of Scrub Jays cleaning ectoparasites from Black-tailed deer. The Condor 87:145-147. [View PDF]
Baker, M.C., L.R. Mewaldt & R.M. Stewart. 1981. Demography of white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli). Ecology 62:636-644. [View PDF]
DeSante, D.F. 1981. A field test of the variable circular-plot censusing technique in a Caifornia coastal scrub breeding bird community. Studies in Avian Biology 6:177-185. [View PDF]
Baker, M.C. and L.R. Mewaldt. 1979. The use of space by White-crowned Sparrows: Juvenile and adult ranging patterns and home range versus body size comparisons in an avian granivore community. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 6: 45-52. [View PDF]
Nelson, B.C., C.A. Wolf and B.A. Sorrie. 1979. Natural introduction of Hectopsylla psittaci, a neotropical sticktight flea (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae), on cliff swallows in California, USA. Journal of Medical Entomology 16(6):548-549. [View PDF]
Baker, M.C. and L.R. Mewaldt. 1978. Song dialects as barriers to dispersal in White-crowned Sparrows (Zonotrichia lecophrys nuttalli). Evolution 32(4):712-722. [View PDF]
Mewaldt, L.R. and J.R. King. 1977. The annual cycle of White-crowned Sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli) in coastal California. The Condor 79:445-455. [View PDF]
Halliburton R. and L.R. Mewaldt. 1976. Survival and mobility in a population of pacific coast Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia gouldii). The Condor 78:499-504. [View PDF]
Stewart, R.M., L.R. Mewaldt and S.Kaiser. 1974. Age ratios of coastal and inland fall migrant passerines in central California. Bird-Banding 45:46-57. [View PDF]
Stewart, R.M. 1973. Breeding behavior and life history of the Wilson’s Warbler. The Wilson Bulletin 85(1): 21-30. [View PDF]
Stewart, R.M. 1972. Age and crown types in the golden-crowned sparrow. Western Bird Bander 47:32-33. [View PDF]
Stewart, R.M. 1972. Fall migration of common passerines at Bolinas, California. California Birds 3:9-12. [View PDF]
Stewart, R.M. 1972. Nestling mortality in swallows due to inclement weather. California Birds 3: 69-70. [View PDF]
Stewart, R.M. 1972. Species composition of common passerines at Point Reyes Bird Observatory. Western Bird Bander 47:58-59. [View PDF]
Stewart, R.M. 1972. The reliability of aging some fall migrants by skull pneumatization. Bird Banding. 43(1):9-14. [View PDF]
Stewart, R.M., S.M. Long and M. Stewart. 1972. Observations on the nest behavior of the California Scrub Jay. California Birds 3:93-95. [View PDF]
Ralph, C.J. 1971. An age differential of migrants in coastal California. The Condor 73(2): 243-246. [View PDF]
Ralph, C.J. and C.A. Pearson. 1971. Correlation of age, size of territory, plumage, and breeding success in White-crowned Sparrows. The Condor 73(1):77-80. [View PDF]
Stewart, R.M. 1971. Application of an analysis of wing length in Swainson’s Thrushes. Western Bird Bander 46: 52-53. [View PDF]
Stewart, R.M. 1971. Netting success in relation to time of day and sunny versus overcast skies. Western Bird Bander 46:16-17. [View PDF]
PALO DISSERTATIONS AND THESES:
Porzig, E. L. 2013. A temporally explicit investigation of the effects of habitat change on landbird population and community dynamics. PhD Dissertation, University of California Davis.
Dybala, K. 2012. Effects of weather and projected impacts of climate change on adult and juvenile survival in a Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) population. PhD Dissertation, University of California Davis.
Goodman R. 2010. Changes in bird body size and mass in northern California: morphological responses to climate change. Masters Thesis, San Francisco State University, San Francisco.
DiGaudio, R. T. 2003. Climate Change and Migration: Wintering-Ground Arrival and Departure Timing of Four North American Passerines. M.A. thesis, University of Michigan.
Chase, M.K. 2001. Reproductive Success, Natal Dispersal, and Recruitment in a Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) Population Breeding in California Coastal Scrub. PhD Dissertation, University of California Riverside.
Howell, C.A. 1999. Life history evolution in the Song Sparrow: An experimental Approach. PhD dissertation, University of Missouri – Columbia.
DeSante, D.F. 1973. Analysis of the fall occurrences and nocturnal orientation of vagrant wood warblers (Parulidae) in California. PhD dissertation, Stanford University.
Halliburton, R. 1973. Studies of the population ecology of the Marin Song Sparrow. M.A. thesis, San Jose State University.
Royce, O. 1973. Radio telemetry equipment and techniques applied to tracking studies of Zonotrichia and Aphelocoma. M.A. thesis, San Jose State University.
Cowley, L.J. 1972. Locomotor activity and physiological cycles in captive Hermit Thrushes (Hylocichla guttata). M.A. Thesis, San Jose State University.
Strout, D.A. 1972. Population studies of the Brown Towhee and Rufous-sided Towhee. M.A. thesis, San Jose State University.
Vargas, D. J. 1971. Observations on winter ecology and morphology of the Golden-crowned Sparrow. M.A thesis, San Jose State University.