Websites:
ANZAC Portal 2019, Background, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed 23 August 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/vietnam-war/background>.
DVA ANZAC Portal has been a valuable resource while researching about Australian Involvement in the Vietnam War. It discusses the important events from an Australian perspective, which was pivotal in guiding our research. It was especially helpful in guiding us in writing about Australian Involvement in the war, highlighting the key events, and also the effects of the war on our Australian nation.
ANZAC Portal 2019, Patrolling, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed 23 August 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/events/combat/patrolling>.
ANZAC Portal 2020, Aftermath, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed on August 5, 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/events/aftermath>.
ANZAC Portal 2020, All the way with LBJ, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed 21 August 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/all-way-lbj>.
ANZAC Portal 2020, Battle of Long Tan, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed 23 August 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/events/combat/battle-long-tan>.
ANZAC Portal 2020, Combat, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed 23 August 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/events/combat>.
ANZAC Portal 2020, Phuoc Tuy Province, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed 21 August 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/events/phuoc-tuy-province>.
ANZAC Portal 2020, Public Opinion, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed 23 August 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/events/public-opinion>.
ANZAC Portal 2020, The Tet Offensive, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed 23 August 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/events/tet-offensive>.
ANZAC Portal 2020, Vietnamisation - pulling out, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed 23 August 2021, <vhttps://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/events/vietnamisation-pulling-out>.
ANZAC Portal 2021, The Birthday Ballot, Department of Veterans' Affairs, viewed 9 August 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/events/conscription/birthday-ballot>.
ANZAC Portal 2021, Conscription, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed 23 August 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/events/conscription>.
ANZAC Portal 2021, The Vietnam War, Department of Veteran Affairs, viewed on August 5, 2021, <https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/wars-and-missions/vietnam-war-1962-1975/vietnam-war>.
Aspen Institute, What is Agent Orange?, n.d., viewed on August 5, 2021, <https://www.aspeninstitute.org/programs/agent-orange-in-vietnam-program/what-is-agent-orange>.
Australian Army The Battle of Long Tan, viewed on August 5, 2021, <https://www.army.gov.au/our-heritage/history/history-focus/battle-long-tan>.
Australian Institute of International Affairs, Australia and the Vietnam War, December 2014, viewed on August 3, 2021 <https://www.internationalaffairs.org.au/australianoutlook/australia-and-the-vietnam-war>.
Australian Red Cross, Refugee and Asylum Seeker Facts, viewed on August 5, <https://www.redcross.org.au/get-involved/take-action/help-refugees/facts>.
Australian War Memorial, Vietnam War 1962-75, June 2021, viewed on July 12, 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/event/vietnam>.
This website provided me with a detailed timeline of Australia's experiences in the Vietnam War. It was extremely useful in writing about Australia's involvement in the war as it highlighted the key events of the war, as well as providing visual aid to enhance my understanding.
Australian War Memorial 2020, National Service Scheme, 1951-1972, viewed 9 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/encyclopedia/conscription/vietnam>.
Australian War Memorial, 2021, Impressions: Australians in Vietnam: Photography, art and the war, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/visit/exhibitions/impressions/aust_vietnam>.
Britannica, Boat People, viewed on August 5, 2021, <https://www.britannica.com/topic/boat-people-refugees>.
Britannica, Vietnam War, July 2021, viewed on July 12, 2021, <https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War>.
Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade n.d., Vietnam country brief, Australian Government, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/vietnam/Pages/vietnam-country-brief>.
Department of Home Affairs 2021, Country profile - Vietnam, Australian Government, viewed 21 August 2021, <https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/research-and-statistics/statistics/country-profiles/profiles/vietnam>.
Department of Veterans' Affairs 2014, Introduction and Summary of the Studies of Vietnam Veteran Families, Australian Government Department of Veterans' Affairs, pdf, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.dva.gov.au/sites/default/files/files/consultation%20and%20grants/healthstudies/vvfs/vvfs_vol1.pdf>.
HISTORY 2017, What is Agent Orange? | History, online video, 28 September, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uJaJbq9aRFI>.
HISTORY, Agent Orange, May 2019, viewed on August 4, 2021, <https://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/agent-orange>.
HISTORY, Vietnam War, May 2021, viewed on July 28, 2021, <https://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/vietnam-war-history>.
HISTORY, Vietnam War Timeline, February 2021, viewed on August 3, 2021, <https://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/vietnam-war-timeline>.
Home Affairs, Vietnam Born Community Information Survey, August 5, 2021, <https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/mca/files/2016-cis-vietnam.PDF>.
Kratz, J 2018, Vietnam: The First Television War, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://prologue.blogs.archives.gov/2018/01/25/vietnam-the-first-television-war/>.
Langford, S 2021, Appendix: The national service scheme, 1964-72, viewed 9 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/encyclopedia/viet_app>.
Living Peace Museum n.d., Australia's involvement in the Vietnam War, viewed 10 August 2021, <http://www.livingpeacemuseum.org.au/omeka/exhibits/show/vietnam-war-aus/vietnam-aus-involvement>.
Migration Heritage Centre, 1965-1990 Australia and Asia, n.d., viewed on August 5, 2021, <https://www.migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au/exhibition/objectsthroughtime-history/1965-1990/index.html>.
‘Napalm’ 2009, in Encyclopaedia Britannica, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.britannica.com/science/napalm>.
Napalm: The Devilish Brew That Changed War 2013, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.wbur.org/radioboston/2013/04/01/napalm>.
National Archives, Vietnam War, September 2020, viewed on August 3, 2021, <https://www.archives.gov/research/vietnam-war#event-/timeline/item/democratic-republic-of-vietnam-recognized>.
National Archives of Australia n.d., National service ballot balls – the conscription lottery, viewed 9 August 2021, <https://www.naa.gov.au/learn/learning-resources/learning-resource-themes/war/vietnam-war/national-service-ballot-balls-conscription-lottery>.
National Museum of Australia, Vietnamese refugees boat people, viewed on August 4, <https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/vietnamese-refugees-boat-arrival>.
National Museum of Australia, White Australia Policy, viewed on August 4, <https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/white-australia-policy>.
Royal Australian College of General Practitioners 2016, Australian veterans – Identification of mental health issues, viewed 21 August 2021, <https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2016/march/australian-veterans-%E2%80%93-identification-of-mental-health-issues/>.
RSL, The Vietnam War, n.d., viewed on August 3, 2021, <https://www.rslnsw.org.au/commemoration/australias-military-heritage/the-vietnam-war>.
Silverman, J 2021, How Napalm Works, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://science.howstuffworks.com/napalm.htm>.
State Library South Australia n.d., Conscription during the Vietnam War, viewed 9 August 2021, <https://digital.collections.slsa.sa.gov.au/nodes/view/38>.
Swyrydan, M 2012, Australian veterans’ health: Vietnam, Medical Association for Prevention of War, pdf, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.mapw.org.au/files/downloads/Vietnam%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf>.
Szczepanski, K 2019, Napalm and Agent Orange in the Vietnam War, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.thoughtco.com/napalm-and-agent-orange-in-vietnam-war-195797>.
‘Tet Offensive’ 2021, in Encyclopaedia Britannica, viewed 23 August 2021, <https://www.britannica.com/topic/Tet-Offensive>.
‘The Vietnam War and the media’ 2016, in Encyclopaedia Britannica, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Vietnam-War-and-the-media-2051426>.
Books:
Caulfield, M 2007, The Vietnam Years, Hachette Australia, Australia
This book discusses the perspective of the Australian troops in the years they spent in Vietnam. It also looks at the sacrifices and hardships they faced as a result of fighting in the war.
Edwards, P 2014, Australia and the Vietnam War, NewSouth, Sydney.
This book discusses Australia's involvement in the Vietnam War as allies of the United States. It provided me with a deep understanding of Australia's motives in sending troops to Vietnam, while also acknowledging Australia's shortcomings. This book was useful in gaining a detailed timeline of Australia's involvement in the war.
Ham, P 2007, Vietnam the Australian War, Harper Collins, Australia.
This book gives an account on the Australians as they went to war in Vietnam and the struggles they faced. It taught me about Australians involvement and the challenges they had to face during the Vietnam War as Australian soldiers.
Hillman, R 2011, Australia at War: The Vietnam War, Pearson Australia, Melbourne
Australia at War: The Vietnam War, is a book that uses primary sources to explain what the Australian soldiers faced during the Vietnam War. It shows the hardship, challenges and struggles of the war, being one of the hardest battles the Australian troops ever faced. It also explains in detail about the Australian opinions and how the soldiers were involved.
Smith, H 2015, Long Tan, Big Sky Publishing, Newport, NSW
Documentaries:
Australians in Vietnam, Documentary, Classroom Video, 1990.
This documentary discusses the chronological timeline of Australia's involvement in the Vietnam War. It was a well-organised, succinct source that highlighted the significant events throughout the war, which was extremely helpful in writing about Australian Involvement.
Hearts and Minds, Documentary 1975. Directed by P. Davis. Hollywood: Raybert Productions.
Hearts and Minds discusses the Vietnam War, the stories and the significance of the war. It gives multiple views on either side of the war and an account of the war using primary sources such as footage, veteran's experiences and photos.
Vietnam Perspective: History of the Vietnam War, Documentary, Britannica, 1985
This documentary provides a timeline of the United States' involvement in the Vietnam War. As such, it was limited in the information provided on Australia, however it provided me with an idea on the motives of sending troops to Vietnam and the battles fought.
Images:
1RAR, F Fight 2015, Photograph, 1RAR, viewed 5 August 2021, <https://www.1rar.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/f-fight.jpg>.
AP 1966, A napalm strike erupts in a fireball near U.S. troops on patrol in South Vietnam, 1966 during the Vietnam War., Photograph, Wbur, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.wbur.org/radioboston/2013/04/01/napalm>.
Australian War Memorial, 6RAR soldiers push through dense scrub in search of retreating Viet Cong after battle at Long Tan n.d., Photograph, ABC, viewed 5 August 2021, <https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-08-18/battle-of-long-tan-explainer-vietnam-war/7710612>.
Australian War Memorial 1966, Members of 8 platoon, C Company, 6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (6RAR), Photograph, Australian War Memorial, viewed 9 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1212248>.
Battle of Long Tan n.d., Nui Dat Location Map, Map, viewed 5 August 2021, <https://battleoflongtan.com/maps-battle-long-tan-nui-dat/>.
Bettmann Archives n.d., A Marine Phantom jet making one of seven passes over a village in Da Nang, South Vietnam, dropping napalm., Photograph, Getty Images, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.thoughtco.com/napalm-and-agent-orange-in-vietnam-war-195797> Creative Commons License: <https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/news-photo/move-in-to-check-village-da-nang-south-vietnam-marines-news-photo/515500880>.
Britannica 2018, Flag of Vietnam, Illustration, Britannica, viewed 5 August 2021, <https://www.britannica.com/topic/flag-of-Vietnam>.
Britannica n.d., Ngo Dinh Diem, Image, Britannica, viewed 5 August 2021, <https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ngo-Dinh-Diem>.
Brown, DW n.d., Warrant Officer Class 2 Sonny Phillips with a young Vietnamese girl during the distribution of clothing, toys and soap to peasant families in An Bac., Photograph, Australian War Memorial, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://theconversation.com/the-photographers-war-vietnam-through-a-lens-8759>.
Byers, R 2018, Australian Vietnamese War Memorial, Photograph, Monument Australia, viewed 9 August 2021, <https://www.monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/conflict/vietnam/display/90724-australian-vietnamese-war-memorial>.
Carpay, G 1966, Soldiers of 6th Battalion, The Royal Australian Regiment (6RAR), follow an armoured personnel, Photograph, Australian War Memorial, viewed 21 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C296352>.
Cavalrymen on patrol walk past a farmer tending his fields. The cavalrymen of B Company, 2nd Battalion, 12th Cavalry Regiment are conducting sweep operations through Que Son Valley to root out pockets of North Vietnamese 2019, Photograph, Flickr, viewed 6 August 2021, Creative Commons license: <https://www.flickr.com/photos/13476480@N07/48187392921>.
Coates, W 1966, PHUOC TUY PROVINCE, VIETNAM. 1966-10-08. HELP IN THICK JUNGLE FOR A MATE - ONE OF SEVEN SOLDIERS, Photograph, Australian War Memorial, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C42481?image=1>.
Coleridge, M 1967, Iroquois helicopters land to take members of 7RAR back to Nui Dat after completion of Operation Ulmarra, August 1967., Photograph, viewed 5 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/event/vietnam>.
Cuneen, JW 1966, Saigon, Vietnam. 1966-04-28. Troops disembarking from a Qantas aircraft to start their tour of duty., Photograph, Australian War Memorial, viewed 21 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C36881>.
Cuneen, JW 1966, VIETNAM. 1966-08-19. TROOPS OF 6TH BATTALION, ROYAL AUSTRALIAN REGIMENT (6RAR) ON BOARD ARMOURED, Photograph, Australian War Memorial, viewed 9 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C36488>.
Edwards, J 1966, Australian soldiers from 5RAR Recon platoon at Nui Dat prepare for a patrol., Photograph, Australian War Memorial, viewed 23 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C1254427?image=1>.
Encyclopædia Britannica, n.d., Vietnamese boat people, Image, Britannica, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.britannica.com/topic/boat-people-refugees>.
England, J 1997, Refugee boats arrived in Darwin Harbour after weeks at sea, Photograph, ABC, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-08-19/vietnamese-refugee-returns-to-darwin-boat-arrival-site/10126832>.
Ferrell, SJ 2003, Kim Phuc, seen here with then-Sen. Joe Biden, stands in front of the famous photograph of herself as a child, being burned by napalm., Photograph, Getty, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://science.howstuffworks.com/napalm.htm>, Creative Commons license: <https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/news-photo/after-a-news-conference-on-the-bill-introduced-by-sen-news-photo/74893864>.
Flag of South Vietnam 1975, Illustration, Wikipedia, viewed 5 August 2021, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Vietnam>.
Gilchrist, R 1970, Melbourne, Vic. 1970. Section of crowd demonstrating at a Vietnam Moratorium march on the steps, Photograph, Australian War Memorial, viewed 9 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C40174>.
Minell, B 1967, Members of C Company, 6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (6RAR) march through the streets, Photograph, Australian War Memorial, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/P06136.013>.
Minh, H 2021, Vietnam’s Deputy Prime Minister Pham Binh Minh and Australia’s Minister for Trade, Tourism, and Investment Dan Tehan, Photograph, Hanoi Times, viewed 6 August 2021, <http://hanoitimes.vn/australia-vietnam-enhanced-economic-engagement-strategy-set-to-sign-in-2021-318025.html>.
National Library of Australia, 1977, Customs Officer Frank Dalton holding a Vietnamese refugee child, Xye Than Hueon the deck of the Tu Do in Darwin, November, 1977., Photograph, Migration Heritage Centre, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au/exhibition/objectsthroughtime-history/1965-1990/index.html>.
National service ballot balls – the conscription lottery 2010, Photograph, National Archives of Australia, viewed 5 August 2021, <https://www.naa.gov.au/learn/learning-resources/learning-resource-themes/war/vietnam-war/national-service-ballot-balls-conscription-lottery>.
Northern Territory Archives Service, n.d., Vietnamese refugees arriving in Darwin Harbour., Photograph, National Museum Australia, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/vietnamese-refugees-boat-arrival>.
Page, T n.d., Troops walk through tall grass during the Vietnam War, as helicopters fly overhead., Photograph, ABC, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-04-29/photographer-remembers-vietnam-war/6430542>.
Pearce, R 1971, The faces of young men of the 7th Battalion the Royal Australian Regiment [7RAR], home after twelve months in Vietnam., Photograph, Australian War Memorial, viewed 5 August 2021, <https://theconversation.com/the-photographers-war-vietnam-through-a-lens-8759>.
Portrait of Ho Chi Minh 2014, Photograph, IAEA, viewed 5 August 2021, Creative Commons license: <https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Ho_Chi_Minh.jpg>.
Roden, J n.d., Thanh Ha 2, Photograph, Broadsheet, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.broadsheet.com.au/melbourne/food-and-drink/article/local-knowledge-thanh-ha-2>.
Royal Australian Regiment 1963, 6 RAR soldiers disembark from a US Army Chinook helicopter during a 1966 combat operation in South Vietnam, Photograph, Wikimedia Commons, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/6_RAR_soldiers_disembark_from_a_US_Army_Chinook_helicopter_during_a_1966_combat_operation_in_South_Vietnam.jpg>.
The Welcome Home March, 3 October 1987 1987, Photograph, Digger History, viewed 6 August 2021, <http://honesthistory.net.au/wp/wp-content/uploads/home2.jpg>.
United Press International, n.d., American sprayer planes spread defoliant over South Vietnam., Photograph, New York Times, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/24/opinion/vietnam-the-chemical-war.html>.
United States Air Force n.d., The B-52 Stratofortress carried nuclear bombs on long-range missions during the Cold War., Photograph, HowStuffWorks, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://science.howstuffworks.com/air-force.htm>.
US Air Force, S 1966, Ranch Hand UC-123 clearing a roadside in central South Vietnam in 1966., Photograph, National Museum of the United States Air Force, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/195955/down-in-the-weeds-ranch-hand/>.
US Army 1963, U.S. Army Huey helicopter spraying Agent Orange over agricultural land during the Vietnam War in its herbicidal warfare campaign., Photograph, Wikimedia Commons, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/US-Huey-helicopter-spraying-Agent-Orange-in-Vietnam.jpg>.
West, PD 1987, Australian Vietnam Forces Welcome Home Parade, Photograph, Australian War Memorial, viewed 6 August 2021, <https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/C2722233>.