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Learning Objectives
These are the target outcomes that we hope you will be able to do by the end of the module:
1. Differentiate the types of hazards – geological, hydrometeorological, biological, and technological.
2. Describe the various hazards that may happen in the case of geological or hydrometeorological events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, tropical cyclones, monsoons, floods
3. Give practical ways of mitigating or coping with geological or hydrometeorological hazards
4. Describe how coastal processes result in coastal erosion, submersion, and
saltwater intrusion
5. Cite ways to prevent or mitigate the impact of land development, waste disposal, and construction of structures near coastal areas
What is a hazard? What’s the difference between a hazard and a disaster? Can you give different examples of hazards?
Look around your house or community. Are there hazards that you can identify? Share your answers in the Google Classwork Question 📚
KEY CONCEPT 1
KEY CONCEPT 1
There are different types of hazards - geological, hydrometeorological, biological, and technological.
There are different types of hazards - geological, hydrometeorological, biological, and technological.
Which are natural and which are man-made?
Some organizations differentiate further and separate hydrometeorological into hydrological, climatological and meteorological hazards.
Explore this website of the International Federation of Red Cross to understand the different types of hazards:
With the exception of the pandemic, most of the hazards that are present in the Philippines are either geological or hydrometeorological. Can you identify some and recall those that you have personally experienced?
Can you describe what happens in an earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide, tropical cyclone, monsoon, and in floods?
KEY CONCEPT 2
KEY CONCEPT 2
“Natural hazard mitigation is defined as any action taken before, during or after a disaster or emergency to permanently eliminate or reduce the long-term risk to human life and property from natural hazards or disasters… When successful, mitigation will lessen the need for a community to respond to succeeding natural hazard events; that is, incidents will remain incidents and not become disasters.” *
“Natural hazard mitigation is defined as any action taken before, during or after a disaster or emergency to permanently eliminate or reduce the long-term risk to human life and property from natural hazards or disasters… When successful, mitigation will lessen the need for a community to respond to succeeding natural hazard events; that is, incidents will remain incidents and not become disasters.” *
Here are examples of mitigation proposed by the International Federation of Red Cross. One for cyclone hazards in the Philippines and another example for earthquakes in Turkey:
Can you research on other ways of mitigating or coping with hazards?
KEY CONCEPT 3
KEY CONCEPT 3
Coastal processes are natural occurrences in the areas of land near the sea.
Coastal processes are natural occurrences in the areas of land near the sea.
Search for and list down these coastal processes from this geology site:
These can cause damage to the shorelines through the following:
coastal erosion – wearing away of the land by the sea
submersion – movement of coastal sediments from the visible portion of a beach to the submerged near shore of the coast
salt water intrusion – the movement of sea water into fresh water aquifers
There have been several cases of salt water intrusion in the Philippines. Can you research on the places where this has been a problem?
KEY CONCEPT 4
KEY CONCEPT 4
Land development, waste disposal, and construction of structures near coastal areas have an impact in the natural land and environment. It is important to prevent or mitigate the impact of these man-made activities.
Land development, waste disposal, and construction of structures near coastal areas have an impact in the natural land and environment. It is important to prevent or mitigate the impact of these man-made activities.
How is prevention and mitigation happening in the Philippines?
What else can we do? Read some of these news articles:
LET'S DEEPEN understanding
LET'S DEEPEN understanding
Explore the following websites:
As a citizen, what relevant information can you gather from the websites above? You may do additional research on different Philippine institutions and organizations that provide information on natural hazards. What other information do you think should be provided by these institutions?
This exercise will prepare you for the Module 3 quiz 📚
Keep working on your Change Climate Change Project 🍃🍂
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