(ie to perform the fetch-decode-execute cycle)
MAR (Memory Address Register)
Stores the location for data to be fetched from or sent to memory
MDR (Memory Data Register)
Stores data that has been fetched from or sent to memory
Program Counter
Stores location of the next instruction in the program to be executed
Accumulator
Stores the results of any arithmetic or logical operations carried out by the ALU
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
To perform Arithmetic and logic operations
CU (Control Unit)
decodes instructions
controls how data moves around the CPU and memory to execute instructions
Cache
Small amount of very fast memory - Holds the most frequently used instructions/data and therefore speeds up the overall process
Registers
Small amounts of high-speed memory contained within the CPU. They are used by the processor to store small amounts of data that are needed during processing, such as: the address of the next instruction to be executed. the current instruction being decoded.
• the function of the CPU as fetch and execute instructions stored in memory
clock speed
the higher the clock speed the more instructions are carried out per second
cache size
with more cache instructions will be processed faster because the most frequently used data.instructions are held in very fast memory
number of cores
2 cores can run 2 processes at the same time
quad core can run 4 processes at once etc
purpose of embedded systems
a computer system that has a dedicated function as part of a larger device
examples of embedded systems.
Washing Machine, microwave, plane, car