Science Course Descriptions

The Life Science: Biology course is required for graduation for all students. Students will use mathematical analysis, scientific inquiry and engineering design to study the natural and living world. Throughout the course, students will actively investigate many aspects of the life sciences that will answer the following questions: (1) How do the structures of organisms enable life’s functions?, (2) How are the characteristics from one generation related to the previous generation?, (3) How do organisms obtain and use energy they need to live and grow, and how do matter and energy move through ecosystems?, (4) How do organisms interact with the living and non-Biology to obtain matter and energy? (5) How can there be so many similarities among organisms yet so many different plants, animals, and microorganisms?, and (6) How does biodiversity affect humans and how have humans affected the biodiversity of Earth? This course is accompanied by a lab, which meets every other day. Students must complete a minimum number of lab experiments in order to qualify to sit for the Regents examination in June. 

Earth and Space Sciences Honors is an advanced course designed for students with exceptional performance in Biology (earning above a 90 on the Biology Regents and in their final course average). This enriched curriculum goes beyond the standard Regents Earth & Space Sciences, inviting students to explore complex topics with depth and rigor. Using mathematical analysis, scientific inquiry, and engineering design, students will study the dynamic interactions among Earth's systems and the principles that govern celestial phenomena. Core topics include Earth's motion, perspective, and the interactions among air, water, and land, revealing how energy flows and matter cycles within and among Earth's systems. Students will examine how minor shifts in these systems can sometimes lead to dramatic effects—or, in other cases, have little impact at all. With a lab component meeting every other day, students gain hands-on experience, preparing them for the NYSSLS Earth & Space Sciences examination in June. Completing the required lab activities qualifies students for the Regents exam and deepens their scientific understanding of Earth and space. This course is accompanied by a lab, which meets every other day. Completing the required lab activities qualifies students for the Regents exam and deepens their scientific understanding of Earth and space.

Pre-Requisites: Minimum course grade of 90 in Biology, passing score on Biology Regents exam, and teacher recommendation

Earth and Space Sciences is a foundational course required for graduation, offering students a comprehensive understanding of the Earth and the larger universe. Through mathematical analysis, scientific inquiry, and engineering design, students will investigate the principles that explain Earth’s dynamic systems and celestial phenomena. Key topics include Earth’s motion, perspective, and the complex interactions among air, water, and land that drive natural processes. Students will explore how energy flows and matter cycles within and among Earth’s systems, discovering how small changes can lead to dramatic effects—or sometimes none at all. With a lab component meeting every other day, students gain hands-on experience that enriches their understanding of real-world science. Completing the required lab activities qualifies students for the Regents exam, with the NYSSLS Earth & Space Sciences examination taking place in June. This course provides essential knowledge and skills for understanding our planet and beyond.

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of the Biology course and Regents exam

Pre-AP Chemistry is an enriched course designed for students who have shown exceptional performance in Biology and Earth & Space Sciences, particularly those with a final average of 90 or above. Building on the foundational principles of chemistry, this course delves deeply into the chemical phenomena that explain the world around us, emphasizing real-world applications and problem-solving. Students will use mathematical analysis, scientific inquiry, and engineering design to explore complex topics, such as particle combinations that form different types of matter, chemical reactions and new substance formation, forces within atomic nuclei, and the fundamental interactions that shape the properties and behaviors of substances. With phenomenon-based learning, students engage in activities that test their conceptual understanding, foster analytical thinking, and prepare them for advanced chemistry studies. The lab component meets every other day, and students must complete the state-required minimum lab hours to qualify for the Regents exam. This course combines a thorough exploration of core chemistry questions—such as how substances interact, transform, and predictably change over time—with challenging enrichment to cultivate a solid foundation for future scientific pursuits.

Pre-Requisites: Minimum course grade of 90 in Biology and Earth & Space Sciences, along with science teacher recommendation

Students will use mathematical analysis, scientific inquiry, and engineering design to study Chemistry. The students are exposed to phenomena and problems where they have to develop solutions and explanations for real-world issues. Throughout the course, students will actively investigate many aspects of chemistry that will answer the following questions: (1) How do particles combine to form the variety of matter in the natural world?, (2) How do substances combine or change to make new substances?, (3) What forces hold nuclei together and mediate nuclear processes?, (4) What underlying forces explain the variety of observations and properties of substances in the natural world?, and (5) How can we make predictions about how substances can react or change over time? This course is accompanied by an additional period every other day. Students are required by NYS to complete a minimum number of lab activities to be eligible to sit for the Regents exam. 

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of course and Regents exam in Biology and Earth & Space Sciences, along with science teacher recommendation

Physics invites students to explore the fundamental principles that shape the universe and explain how everything works, from the smallest particles to the largest galaxies. Through this course, students will dive deep into the natural laws governing forces and motion, the nature of light, and the complexities of electricity, gaining insight into the scientific principles that impact daily life. With lab sessions every other day, students actively apply concepts through experiments, problem-solving, and analysis, building a strong foundation for further study in math, science, engineering, or healthcare. Completing the NYS-required lab activities will qualify students for the Regents exam and prepare them for advanced scientific fields in college and beyond. Whether they are curious about the mechanics of everyday objects or the forces that drive natural phenomena, this course offers a comprehensive introduction to the exciting world of physics.

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of course and Regents exam in Biology, Earth & Space Sciences, Chemistry, and Algebra 2, along with science teacher recommendation

AP Chemistry offers students a college-level experience in chemistry, mirroring an introductory course for science majors. This challenging, comprehensive course covers key concepts, including atomic structure, chemical bonding, reactions, thermodynamics, kinetics, and equilibrium, with a focus on understanding and applying scientific principles. Through regular lab work and inquiry-based experiments, students will develop essential analytical skills and gain hands-on experience in real-world chemical applications. A high score on the AP exam may allow students to advance to higher-level chemistry courses in college or fulfill introductory chemistry requirements, enabling them to explore specialized areas of interest. This course includes a lab component that meets every other day, and students are expected to take the AP exam in May.

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of Biology, Chemistry, Physics (may be taken concurrently), along with teacher recommendation

AP Biology offers students a college-level exploration of biology, equivalent to an introductory course for biology majors. In this rigorous, in-depth course, students dive into the four big ideas of biology: evolution, cellular processes, genetics and information transfer, and biological interactions. Through hands-on labs and inquiry-based investigations, students will build critical scientific skills and deepen their understanding of complex biological concepts. A high score on the AP exam can allow students to advance directly to higher-level biology courses in college or fulfill foundational biology requirements, opening doors to a wider range of study options. This course includes a lab component meeting every other day, and students are expected to take the AP exam in May.

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of Biology, Chemistry, Physics (may be taken concurrently), along with teacher recommendation

AP Environmental Science offers a college-level introduction to environmental science, equipping students with the scientific principles, concepts, and skills needed to analyze the impact of human behaviors on the natural world. Through this course, students will examine the benefits and risks of human activities, explore pressing environmental challenges, and consider alternative solutions for sustainable living. With hands-on labs every other day, students engage in real-world applications, building a solid foundation for advanced environmental studies. A high score on the AP exam may allow students to skip introductory college science courses or fulfill science requirements, freeing up their schedules to explore other interests. Students are expected to take the AP exam in May.

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of three Regents courses (or two Regents courses and Physical Science) and teacher recommendation

AP Physics 1 provides a rigorous, college-level experience in algebra-based physics, equivalent to a first-year introductory course. Students engage deeply with core principles of physics, including Newtonian mechanics (with rotational motion), work, energy, momentum, power, mechanical waves and sound, and basic electric circuits. Through hands-on labs and problem-solving exercises, students build essential analytical and experimental skills, preparing them for advanced scientific study. This course meets for two full periods daily. Students are also expected to take the AP exam in May, with the potential to earn college credit and advance to higher-level physics courses in the future.

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of Biology, Chemistry, Earth & Space Sciences, Algebra 2, along with teacher recommendation

This course forms the foundation in physics for students majoring in the physical sciences or engineering in college. Calculus is used wherever appropriate in formulating physical principles and in applying them to problems. The subject matter is principally mechanics, electricity, and magnetism. A high mark on the exam may allow students to take more advanced courses in college physics or satisfy the basic requirements in physics so that they may pursue other others. This course is accompanied by a lab, which meets every other day. Students are expected to take the AP exam in May. 

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of introductory Physics course, a passing Physics Regents score, and teacher recommendation. Co-requisite: Calculus AB or BC

AP Physics 2 is a college-level, algebra-based physics course that expands on the concepts introduced in AP Physics 1, covering advanced topics essential for students pursuing fields like pre-med, geology, life sciences, or fulfilling college science requirements. This course explores fluids, thermodynamics, electric forces, fields and potential, electric circuits, magnetism, electromagnetic induction, optics, and the fundamentals of quantum, atomic, and nuclear physics. Through hands-on labs and in-depth theoretical work, students will gain a comprehensive foundation in physics, preparing them for college and beyond. AP Physics 2 is ideal for students looking to deepen their understanding of the physical world in preparation for diverse career paths and academic interests.

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of introductory Physics course

This is a semester course.

This rigorous college-level elective science course includes a detailed study of many human body systems. Homeostatic balanced, the relationship between structure and function, and the interrelationships between body systems are a focus throughout the course. This course is recommended for students interested in a health-related career, especially those who plan to study medicine, nursing, physical therapy, and athletic training. Laboratory activities reinforce concepts and principles presented in the course and will include dissections to visualize the dynamics of the body. Units will culminate in various forms of assessment, including but not limited to projects, disease diaries, Socratic seminars, and laboratories. Students who meet the minimum requirements from St. John's University may also elect to receive college credit for this course. 

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of three Regents science courses

This is a semester course.

This course takes you on an exciting journey beyond our atmosphere to explore planets, stars, galaxies, and the mysteries of the universe. From learning about black holes and the birth of stars to uncovering the science behind solar eclipses and cosmic phenomena, you'll dive into the mechanics of the universe with hands-on activities, telescope observations, and interactive projects. Whether you're curious about the possibility of life on other planets or fascinated by the vastness of space, this class offers a front-row seat to the universe. 

 This course is offered only on alternate years (next offered 2026-2027). 

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of Biology and Earth & Space Sciences

This is a semester course.

Students in this course will have the opportunity to explore the science of criminal investigation. Criminal psychology, lab methods with immediate application to known facts, and various aspects of biology, earth science, chemistry, and physics will be studied. Over 150 careers in Forensic Science will be reviewed. These careers range from entry-level jobs after high school to those requiring two-year, four-year, or graduate and medical degrees. This course will give students the opportunity to use the knowledge that they have previously gained in traditional science courses. 

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of Biology and Earth & Space Sciences

This is a semester course. Click on image for video.

This course dives into the science and stories behind earthquakes, volcanoes, hurricanes, tornadoes, and tsunamis, uncovering how these dramatic events shape our planet and impact our lives. Students will investigate real-life case studies, analyze causes and effects, and gain insight into how we can predict, prepare for, and respond to these intense events. From exploring fault lines and storm surges to hands-on projects that simulate disaster response, this class is perfect for curious minds ready to understand the raw power of nature and learn how science helps us stay one step ahead. This course is offered only on alternate years (next offered 2025-2026). 

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of Biology and Earth Science

Marine Science offers an immersive, hands-on experience exploring the dynamic world of our oceans and coastal ecosystems. Through laboratory and fieldwork in the local marine environment, students will connect classroom knowledge in biology, chemistry, physics, and Earth & Space Sciences to real-world marine settings. Students will dive into the fascinating worlds of marine invertebrates, vertebrates, and plant life, while studying essential topics like aquaculture, local marine ecology, and conservation efforts. Pressing issues such as pollution and environmental impact will be highlighted, empowering students to understand and take action in protecting our oceans. 

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of Biology, Earth Science, and Chemistry OR Physical Science

Physical Science is an engaging, hands-on course that invites students to explore the fascinating relationship between matter and energy in the natural world. Through a student-centered, project-based approach, students will become skilled problem solvers as they uncover the patterns and connections among various scientific events and processes. This course features a variety of real-world projects that make science concepts tangible and applicable. Key topics include the structure of the atom, chemical bonding, properties of matter, energy, motion, and forces.

Pre-Requisites: Successful completion of Biology and Earth Science