Dataset that contains locations of Wi-Fi hotspots in NYC was downloaded from NYC Open Data Portal, and the locations were plotted as red dots on base map of NYC with census tract boundaries. It is obvious from the map that the density of Wi-Fi hotspots in Manhattan is significantly higher than the density in the other boroughs. This is especially obvious in areas such as Midtown and Midtown South - Union Square, where commercial sites and businesses are mostly concentrated. This pattern can be related to the thought that there might be more needs for public internet access in highly commercial areas with high density of visitors.
Quantifying patterns observed visually from the map, this bar plot shows the number of public Wi-Fi hotspots in each borough. The plot shows that Manhattan has the highest number of public Wi-Fi hotspots, followed by Brooklyn. While Staten Island has the lowest number of public Wi-Fi hotspots. Again, this also seems to align with the potential need for more public internet access in highly commercial areas.
Dataset that contains NYC census tract boundaries was downloaded from NYC Open Data Portal, and the density of Wi-Fi Hotspot locations in square miles for each census tract was calculated. It's obvious from the map that census tracts in Manhattan have higher density overall than other boroughs, which is similar to the observations made earlier in this section.
This map shows the top 10 census tracts with the highest density of public Wi-Fi hotspots, colored in red. Based on the map and the specific information about each of these census tracts from the table below, the areas with highest densities of public Wi-Fi are spread out across NYC except for Staten Island. Specifically, these areas include downtown Brooklyn, Upper West Side and ChinaTown of Manhattan, which present various demographic features. This suggests the need to look into specific demographic and socioeconomic variables such as income and age to explore more about the relationship between them and accessibility to public internet.