Under review
Bilali, R., Freel, S.*, Martinovic, B. (R&R). Reform or revolution? The progress and longstanding
injustice narratives differentially predict support for incremental versus radical social change. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations.
Bilali, R., Twali, M., & Goncalves, I. (R&R) The past shaping the present. The role of national identification and historical narratives of the Civil Rights Movement on support for collective action.
Nikkensen, M., Martinovic, B., & Bilali, R. (R&R). ‘Our America’: The role of perceived investment and country ownership in collective action among racial groups in the USA. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology.
Published
Ben-Hagai, E., & Bilali, R. (2025). Integrating geopolitics into the psychological study of intergroup conflict and violence: The role of collective narratives. Journal of Social Issues.
Varela, M.*, Bilali, R., et al. (2025). Perceived procedural justice of police, anger, and support for violent and non-violent collective action. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology.
Bilali, R. (2025). The need for context in intergroup conflict research. Nature Reviews Psychology, 4, 501-502.
Bilali, R., Freel, S.*, & Varela, M.* (2025). Narrative of success and failure of past collective action influence intentions to engage in future actions: The case of 2017 Women’s March. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 49(1), 22-38.
Varela, M.*, Bulska, D.*, Bilali, R., & Xu, R.* (2025). Does social cohesion predict justification of extremist violence? Evidence from the Sahel region in Burkina Faso. European Journal of Social Psychology.
Bilali, R. (2024). Narrative interventions in conflict settings: Harnessing the power of narratives to
prevent violence and promote peace. European Review of Social Psychology.
Penic, S., Elcheroch, G., & Bilali, R. (2024). Knowledge about diverse conflict experiences and community cohesion: The role of shareability of diverse conflict experiences. European Journal of Social Psychology.
Bilali, R. (2024). Media narrative interventions influence efficacy beliefs to impact social change, social norms, and behavioral choices: A field experiment in Burkina Faso. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 27(4), 845-858.
Bilali, R. (2022). Fighting violent extremism with narrative intervention. Evidence from a field
experiment in West Africa. Psychological Science, 33(2), 184-195.
Freel, S.*, & Bilali, R. (2022). Putting the past into action: How historical narratives shape collective action participation. European Journal of Social Psychology, 52(1), 204-222.
Freel, S.*, Bilali, R., & Godfrey, E. B. (2022). ‘We are the Resistance’: Predictors and consequences of self-categorization into the emerging movement to oppose Trump. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 25(2), 489-508.
Storz, N.*, Bilali, R., Martinovic, B., Maloku, E., Rosler, N., & Zezelj, I. (2022). Collective victimhood and support for joint political decision-making in conflict regions: The role of shared territorial ownership perceptions. European Journal of Social Psychology, 52, 472-486.
Dehrone, T., Burrows, B., Tropp, L., Bilali, R., & Morrison, G. (2022). Coming together after genocide: How openness to communication about conflict shifts prospects for social integration in post-genocide Rwanda. Peace & Conflict. Journal of Peace Psychology.
Bilali, R., & Godfrey, E. (2021). Perspective taking in conflict settings: The effect of perspective taking among Trump and Clinton supporters in the aftermath of 2016 U.S. presidential election. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 51, 647-659.
Ulug, M., Bilali, R., Karasu, M., & Malo, L. (2021). Obstacles to reconciliation and forgiveness among victim groups of unacknowledged past trauma and genocide. European Journal of Social Psychology, 51(2), 313-325.
Feuchte, F., Neufeld, K.*, Bilali, R., & Mazziotta, A. (2020). Forum theatre can improve intergroup attitudes, sense of community, and collective action intentions: Evidence from Liberia. Peace & Conflict. Journal of Peace Psychology, 26(3), 270-280.
Bilali, R., Godfrey, E. B., & Freel, S.* (2020). How an election loss leads to a social movement: Reactions to the 2016 U.S. presidential election among liberals predict later collective action and social movement identification. British Journal of Social Psychology, 59(1), 227-247.
Bilali, R., Iqbal, Y.*, & Erisen, C. (2019). The role of lay beliefs about group-based transgressions in acknowledgment of responsibility for ingroup harm-doing. European Journal of Social Psychology, 49(5), 992-1006.
Bilali, R., & Vollhardt, J. R. (2019). Victim and perpetrator groups’ divergent perspectives on collective violence: Implications for attitudes toward political issues and intergroup relations. Advances in Political Psychology, 40(1), 75-108.
Stewart, A., Leach, C. L., Bilali, R., Celik, B., & Cidam, A. (2019). Explaining different orientations to the 2013 Gezi Park demonstrations in Istanbul, Turkey. British Journal of Social Psychology, 58(4), 829-852.
Bilali, R., Iqbal, Y.*, & Celik, A. B. (2018). The role of national identity, religious identity and intergroup contact on social exclusion across multiple social divides in Turkey. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 65, 73-85.
Iqbal, Y.*, & Bilali, R. (2018). Seeking justice in the aftermath of violence. Predictors of Bangladeshi youth’s interest in justice and preferences for retributive and restorative justice. Peace & Conflict. Journal of Peace Psychology, 24(3), 364-373.
Iqbal, Y.*, & Bilali, R. (2018). The impact of acknowledgment and denial of responsibility for harm on victim groups’ perceptions of justice, power and intergroup attitudes in Bangladesh. European Journal of Social Psychology, 48, 397-411.
Bilali, R., Vollhardt, J. R., & Rarick, J. D. R.* (2017). Modeling collective action through media to promote social change and positive intergroup relations in violent conflicts. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 68, 200-211.
Celik, A. B., Bilali, R., & Iqbal, Y.* (2017). Patterns of ‘Othering’ in Turkey: A study of ethnic, ideological and sectarian polarization. South European Society and Politics, 22(2), 217-238.
Bilali, R., Vollhardt, J. R., & Rarick, J. R. D.* (2016). Assessing the impact of a media-based intervention to prevent intergroup violence and promote positive intergroup relations in Burundi. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 26, 221-235.
Leach, C. W., Celik, A. B., Bilali, R., Cidam, A., & Stewart, A. (2016). Being there: The 2013 anti-government protests in Istanbul, Turkey. Contention: The Multidisciplinary Journal of Social Protest, 4, 15-27.
Bilali, R., & Vollhardt, J. R. (2015). Do mass media interventions effectively promote peace in contexts of ongoing violence? Evidence from Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Peace & Conflict. Journal of Peace Psychology, 21, 604-620.
Vollhardt, J. R., & Bilali, R. (2015). The role of inclusive and exclusive victim consciousness in predicting intergroup attitudes: Findings from Rwanda, Burundi, and DRC. Political Psychology, 36, 489-506.
Bilali, R. (2015). Do terrorist threat alerts increase perception of threat and legitimization of in-group’s wars? The moderating role of perceived in-group homogeneity. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 45, 300-310.
Bilali, R., Celik, B. A., & Ok, E. (2014). Psychological asymmetry in minority-majority relations at different stages of ethnic conflict. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 43, 253-264.
Bilali, R. (2014). Between fiction and reality in post-genocide Rwanda: Reflections on a social-psychological media intervention for social change. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 2, 387- 400.
Bilali, R. (2014). The downsides of a shared national identification for minority group outcomes in intergroup conflicts in assimilationist societies. British Journal of Social Psychology, 53, 21-38.
Bilali, R., & Vollhardt, J. R. (2013). Priming effects of a reconciliation radio drama on historical perspective-taking in the aftermath of mass violence in Rwanda. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49, 144-151.
Bilali, R. (2013). National narrative and social psychological influences in Turks’ denial of the mass killings of Armenians as genocide. Journal of Social Issues, 69, 16-33.
Bilali, R. (2012). Identity centrality and in-group superiority differentially predict reactions to historical victimization and harm doing. International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 6, 322-388.
Bilali, R., Tropp, L. R., & Dasgupta, N. (2012). Attributions of responsibility and perceived harm in the aftermath of mass violence. Peace & Conflict. Journal of Peace Psychology, 18, 21-39.
Bilali, R. (2010). Assessing the internal validity of international image theory in the context of Turkey – U.S. relations. Political Psychology, 31, 275-303.
Vollhardt, J., & Bilali, R. (2008). Social psychology’s contribution to the psychological study of
peace: a review. Social Psychology, 39, 12-25.
BOOK CHAPTERS
Littman, R., Bilali, R., & Hameiri, B. (2023). Promoting peace through mass media interventions. In E. Halperin, B. Hameiri, & R. Littlman (Eds). Psychological intergroup interventions: Evidence-based approaches to resolve intergroup conflict. Routledge.
Vollhardt, J., Jeong, H., & Bilali, R. (2022). Reconciliation in the aftermath of collective violence. In D. Osborne, & C. Sibley (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of political psychology (pp. 582-600). Cambridge University Press.
Dehrone, T., Burrows, B., Tropp, L.R., Bilali, R., & Morrison, G. (2021), Contact-based programs strengthen social cohesion in post-genocide Rwanda. In A. Nordstrom and W. Goodfriend (Eds.), Innovative Stigma and Discrimination Reduction Programs Across the World (pp. 87-100). New York: NY. Routledge.
Bilali, R., Iqbal, Y.*, & Freel, S.* (2020). Understanding and counteracting genocide denial. In L. S. Newman (Ed.). Confronting humanity at its worst: Social psychological perspectives on genocide (pp. 284-311). Oxford University Press.
Bilali, R., & Mahmoud, R.* (2017). Confronting history and reconciliation: A review of civil society’s approaches to transforming conflict narratives. In C. Psaltis, M. Carretero, & S. Cehajic-Clancy (Eds), History education and conflict transformation: Social psychological theories, history teaching and reconciliation, (pp. 77-96). Switzerland: Palgrave Press.
Iqbal, Y.*, & Bilali, R. (2017). Community radio as a vehicle for social change in conflict-affected settings. In M. Seedat, S. Suffla, & Christie, D. J. (Eds.), Emancipatory and participatory methodologies in peace, critical, and community psychology, (pp. 33-45). Switzerland: Springer.
Bilali, R., & Staub, E. (2016). Interventions in real world settings. Using media to overcome prejudice and promote intergroup reconciliation in Central Africa. In C. Sibley, & F. Barlow (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of the psychology of prejudice (pp. 607- 631). Cambridge University Press.
Leach, C. W., Bilali, R., Pagliaro, S. (2014). Groups and morality. In J. Simpson & J. Dovidio (Eds.) APA handbook of personality and social psychology, Vol. 2: Interpersonal relationships and group processes (pp. 123-149). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Bilali, R., & Ross, M. (2012). Remembering intergroup conflict. In Tropp, L. R. (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of intergroup conflict (pp. 123-135). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Bilali, R. (2012). Collective memories of intergroup conflict. In D. Christie (Ed.), Encyclopedia of peace psychology (pp. 147-151). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Bilali, R. (2012). Image theory. In D. Christie (Ed.), Encyclopedia of peace psychology (pp. 544- 548). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Staub, E., Pearlman, L., & Bilali, R. (2010). Understanding the roots and impact of violence and psychological recovery as avenues to reconciliation after mass violence and intractable conflict. In G. Salomon, & E. Cairns (Eds.). Handbook on peace education (pp. 269-286). Psychology Press.
Staub, E., Pearlman, L., & Bilali, R. (2008). Psychological recovery, reconciliation and the prevention of new violence: an approach and its uses in Rwanda. In B. Hart (Ed.). Peacebuilding in traumatized societies (pp. 131-154). American University Press.
Shapiro, I., Bilali, R., & Vollhardt, J. (2008). Peace. In Lopez, S. J. (Ed.) The encyclopedia of positive psychology (pp. 269-286). London: Blackwell.
Vollhardt, J., Jeong, H., & Bilali, R. (2022). Reconciliation in the aftermath of collective violence. In D. Osborne, & C. Sibley (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of political psychology (pp. 582-600). Cambridge University Press.
Dehrone, T., Burrows, B., Tropp, L.R., Bilali, R., & Morrison, G. (2021), Contact-based programs strengthen social cohesion in post-genocide Rwanda. In A. Nordstrom and W. Goodfriend (Eds.), Innovative Stigma and Discrimination Reduction Programs Across the World (pp. 87-100). New York: NY. Routledge.
Dehrone, T., Burrows, B., Tropp, L., Bilali, R., & Morrison, G. (2022). Coming together after genocide: How openness to communication about conflict shifts prospects for social integration in post-genocide Rwanda. Peace & Conflict. Journal of Peace Psychology.
Bilali, R., & Godfrey, E. (2021). Perspective taking in conflict settings: The effect of perspective taking among Trump and Clinton supporters in the aftermath of 2016 U.S. presidential election. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 51, 647-659.
Ulug, M., Bilali, R., Karasu, M., & Malo, L. (2021). Obstacles to reconciliation and forgiveness among victim groups of unacknowledged past trauma and genocide. European Journal of Social Psychology, 51(2), 313-325.
Feuchte, F., Neufeld, K.*, Bilali, R., & Mazziotta, A. (2020). Forum theatre can improve intergroup attitudes, sense of community, and collective action intentions: Evidence from Liberia. Peace & Conflict. Journal of Peace Psychology, 26(3), 270-280.
Bilali, R., Iqbal, Y.*, & Erisen, C. (2019). The role of lay beliefs about group-based transgressions in acknowledgment of responsibility for ingroup harm-doing. European Journal of Social Psychology, 49(5), 992-1006.
Iqbal, Y.*, & Bilali, R. (2018). Seeking justice in the aftermath of violence. Predictors of Bangladeshi youth’s interest in justice and preferences for retributive and restorative justice. Peace & Conflict. Journal of Peace Psychology, 24(3), 364-373.
Iqbal, Y.*, & Bilali, R. (2018). The impact of acknowledgment and denial of responsibility for harm on victim groups’ perceptions of justice, power and intergroup attitudes in Bangladesh. European Journal of Social Psychology, 48, 397-411.
Bilali, R., & Mahmoud, R.* (2017). Confronting history and reconciliation: A review of civil society’s approaches to transforming conflict narratives. In C. Psaltis, M. Carretero, & S. Cehajic-Clancy (Eds), History education and conflict transformation: Social psychological theories, history teaching and reconciliation, (pp. 77-96). Switzerland: Palgrave Press.
Varela, M.*, Bilali, R., et al. (2025). Perceived procedural justice of police, anger, and support for violent and non-violent collective action. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology.
Bilali, R., Freel, S.*, & Varela, M.* (2025). Narrative of success and failure of past collective action influence intentions to engage in future actions: The case of 2017 Women’s March. Psychology of Women Quarterly.
Freel, S.*, & Bilali, R. (2022). Putting the past into action: How historical narratives shape collective action participation. European Journal of Social Psychology, 52(1), 204-222.
Freel, S.*, Bilali, R., & Godfrey, E. B. (2022). ‘We are the Resistance’: Predictors and consequences of self-categorization into the emerging movement to oppose Trump. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 25(2), 489-508.
Feuchte, F., Neufeld, K.*, Bilali, R., & Mazziotta, A. (2020). Forum theatre can improve intergroup attitudes, sense of community, and collective action intentions: Evidence from Liberia. Peace & Conflict. Journal of Peace Psychology, 26(3), 270-280.
Bilali, R., Godfrey, E. B., & Freel, S.* (2020). How an election loss leads to a social movement: Reactions to the 2016 U.S. presidential election among liberals predict later collective action and social movement identification. British Journal of Social Psychology, 59(1), 227-247.
Stewart, A., Leach, C. L., Bilali, R., Celik, B., & Cidam, A. (2019). Explaining different orientations to the 2013 Gezi Park demonstrations in Istanbul, Turkey. British Journal of Social Psychology, 58(4), 829-852.
Bilali, R., Vollhardt, J. R., & Rarick, J. D. R.* (2017). Modeling collective action through media to promote social change and positive intergroup relations in violent conflicts. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 68, 200-211.
Leach, C. W., Celik, A. B., Bilali, R., Cidam, A., & Stewart, A. (2016). Being there: The 2013 anti-government protests in Istanbul, Turkey. Contention: The Multidisciplinary Journal of Social Protest, 4, 15-27.
Ben-Hagai, E., & Bilali, R. (2025). Integrating geopolitics into the psychological study of intergroup conflict and violence: The role of collective narratives. Journal of Social Issues.
Bilali, R. (2025). The need for context in intergroup conflict research. Nature Reviews Psychology, 4, 501-502.
Penic, S., Bilali, R., & Elcheroch, G. (2025). Knowledge about diverse conflict experiences and community cohesion: The role of shareability of diverse conflict experiences. European Journal of Social Psychology.
Storz, N.*, Bilali, R., Martinovic, B., Maloku, E., Rosler, N., & Zezelj, I. (2022). Collective
victimhood and support for joint political decision-making in conflict regions: The role of shared territorial ownership perceptions. European Journal of Social Psychology, 52, 472-486.
Bilali, R., Iqbal, Y.*, & Freel, S.* (2020). Understanding and counteracting genocide denial. In L. S. Newman (Ed.). Confronting humanity at its worst: Social psychological perspectives on genocide (pp. 284-311). Oxford University Press.
Bilali, R., & Vollhardt, J. R. (2019). Victim and perpetrator groups’ divergent perspectives on collective violence: Implications for attitudes toward political issues and intergroup relations. Advances in Political Psychology, 40(1), 75-108.
Bilali, R., Iqbal, Y.*, & Erisen, C. (2019). The role of lay beliefs about group-based transgressions in acknowledgment of responsibility for ingroup harm-doing. European Journal of Social Psychology, 49(5), 992-1006.
Vollhardt, J. R., & Bilali, R. (2015). The role of inclusive and exclusive victim consciousness in predicting intergroup attitudes: Findings from Rwanda, Burundi, and DRC. Political Psychology, 36, 489-506.
Bilali, R. (2014). The downsides of a shared national identification for minority group outcomes in intergroup conflicts in assimilationist societies. British Journal of Social Psychology, 53, 21-38.
Bilali, R. (2013). National narrative and social psychological influences in Turks’ denial of the mass killings of Armenians as genocide. Journal of Social Issues, 69, 16-33.
Bilali, R., Tropp, L. R., & Dasgupta, N. (2012). Attributions of responsibility and perceived harm in the aftermath of mass violence. Peace & Conflict. Journal of Peace Psychology, 18, 21-39.
Bilali, R., & Ross, M. (2012). Remembering intergroup conflict. In Tropp, L. R. (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of intergroup conflict (pp. 123-135). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Bilali, R. (2012). Identity centrality and in-group superiority differentially predict reactions to historical victimization and harm doing. International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 6, 322-388.
Bilali, R. (2012). Collective memories of intergroup conflict. In D. Christie (Ed.), Encyclopedia of peace psychology (pp. 147-151). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Bilali, R. (2010). Assessing the internal validity of international image theory in the context of Turkey – U.S. relations. Political Psychology, 31, 275-303.
Bilali, R. (2024). Narrative interventions in conflict settings: Harnessing the power of narratives to prevent violence and promote peace. European Review of Social Psychology.
Bilali, R. (2024). Media narrative interventions influence efficacy beliefs to impact social change, social norms, and behavioral choices: A field experiment in Burkina Faso. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations.
Littman, R., Bilali, R., & Hameiri, B. (2023). Promoting peace through mass media interventions. In E. Halperin, B. Hameiri, & R. Littlman (Eds). Psychological intergroup interventions: Evidence-based approaches to resolve intergroup conflict. Routledge.
Bilali, R. (2022). Fighting violent extremism with narrative intervention. Evidence from a field experiment in West Africa. Psychological Science, 33(2), 184-195.
Bilali, R., Vollhardt, J. R., & Rarick, J. D. R.* (2017). Modeling collective action through media to promote social change and positive intergroup relations in violent conflicts. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 68, 200-211.
Bilali, R., Vollhardt, J. R., & Rarick, J. R. D.* (2016). Assessing the impact of a media-based intervention to prevent intergroup violence and promote positive intergroup relations in Burundi. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 26, 221-235.
Bilali, R., & Vollhardt, J. R. (2015). Do mass media interventions effectively promote peace in contexts of ongoing violence? Evidence from Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Peace & Conflict. Journal of Peace Psychology, 21, 604-620.
Bilali, R. (2014). Between fiction and reality in post-genocide Rwanda: Reflections on a social-psychological media intervention for social change. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 2, 387- 400.
Bilali, R., & Vollhardt, J. R. (2013). Priming effects of a reconciliation radio drama on historical perspective-taking in the aftermath of mass violence in Rwanda. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49, 144-151.
Iqbal, Y.*, & Bilali, R. (2017). Community radio as a vehicle for social change in conflict-affected settings. In M. Seedat, S. Suffla, & Christie, D. J. (Eds.), Emancipatory and participatory methodologies in peace, critical, and community psychology, (pp. 33-45). Switzerland: Springer.
Bilali, R., & Staub, E. (2016). Interventions in real world settings. Using media to overcome prejudice and promote intergroup reconciliation in Central Africa. In C. Sibley, & F. Barlow (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of the psychology of prejudice (pp. 607- 631). Cambridge University Press.
Staub, E., Pearlman, L., & Bilali, R. (2010). Understanding the roots and impact of violence and psychological recovery as avenues to reconciliation after mass violence and intractable conflict. In G. Salomon, & E. Cairns (Eds.). Handbook on peace education (pp. 269-286). Psychology Press.
Staub, E., Pearlman, L., & Bilali, R. (2008). Psychological recovery, reconciliation and the prevention of new violence: an approach and its uses in Rwanda. In B. Hart (Ed.). Peacebuilding in traumatized societies (pp. 131-154). American University Press.
Bilali, R. (2025). The need for context in intergroup conflict research. Nature Reviews Psychology, 4, 501-502.
Varela, M.*, Bulska, D., Bilali, R., & Xu, R. (2025). Does social cohesion predict justification of extremist violence? Evidence from the Sahel region in Burkina Faso. European Journal of Social Psychology.
Bilali, R., Iqbal, Y.*, & Celik, A. B. (2018). The role of national identity, religious identity and intergroup contact on social exclusion across multiple social divides in Turkey. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 65, 73-85.
Celik, A. B., Bilali, R., & Iqbal, Y.* (2017). Patterns of ‘Othering’ in Turkey: A study of ethnic, ideological and sectarian polarization. South European Society and Politics, 22(2), 217-238.
Bilali, R. (2015). Do terrorist threat alerts increase perception of threat and legitimization of ingroup’s wars? The moderating role of perceived in-group homogeneity. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 45, 300-310.
Bilali, R. (2014). The downsides of a shared national identification for minority group outcomes in intergroup conflicts in assimilationist societies. British Journal of Social Psychology, 53, 21-38.
Bilali, R. (2012). Identity centrality and in-group superiority differentially predict reactions to historical victimization and harm doing. International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 6, 322-388.
Bilali, R., Celik, B. A., & Ok, E. (2014). Psychological asymmetry in minority-majority relations at different stages of ethnic conflict. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 43, 253-264.
Leach, C. W., Bilali, R., Pagliaro, S. (2014). Groups and morality. In J. Simpson & J. Dovidio (Eds.) APA handbook of personality and social psychology, Vol. 2: Interpersonal relationships and group processes (pp. 123-149). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.