Sikhism is the youngest of the the major world religions. It began around 1500 C.E. Most followers live in Punjab, India, but there are Sikh communities in every continent.
Sikhism began with the teachings of one man: Guru Nanak. He is the spiritual founder of Sikhism.
Guru means a teacher or holy person. Guru Nanak was then followed by another guru, Angad. In all, there were 10 gurus, and each one was responsible for teaching and leading the Sikh people.
Janamsakhi is a series of stories that tell about Guru Nanak's life. It is the first book written in the Punjabi language, and it was written shortly after Guru Nanak's death.
Guru Nanak was born on April 15, 1469 in a village that is now a part of Pakistan. Nanak was born a Hindu. When he was 11 years old, he refused to participate in the ceremony of the sacred thread. He had ideas that were different from those of his religion.
One day, when he was grown and a father of two sons, Nanak went to bathe in a river but did not return. People assumed that he had drowned, but three days later, he returned and claimed that he had been speaking with God who told him to become a leader. He told people to reject rituals, but not to reject religion altogether. He wanted them to seek a "universality of God," regardless of religious differences.
Nanak traveled with his friend, Mardana, who played the rebec. A rebec is a 3-stringed instrument. Nanak wrote and sang songs that are still popular among Sikhs. Music is an important part of Sikh daily life.
Nanak spent a lot of time travelling. As he traveled, he gained followers, who were called Sikhs. When Nanak was about 50 years old, he stopped travelling and built a settlement called Kartarpur. The importance of every day living and equality is one of the key characteristics of Sikhism. At Kartarpur, Nanak founded 3 important social ideals:
1) voluntary labor
2) eating at community meals
3) social gatherings
A man named Lehna came to visit Nanak, and Nanak named him the next Sikh Guru. His name was changed to Angad, which means "part of me." Nanak chose Angad to become his successor over his sons because his sons did not fully follow his beliefs.
When Guru Nanak died, they say that both Hindus and Muslims wanted to perform his last rights. The Hindus wanted to cremate him, while the Muslims wanted to bury him.
However, when they removed the sheet that covered Nanak's body, only flowers remained. The sheet and flowers were divided between the two religions, to remind them of Nanak's message of peace and brotherhood.