The roots of mindfulness date back to the fifth century B.C. in northeast India. Buddha offered his teaching as a body of principles and practices that give strength to those in search of happiness and spiritual freedom.1 Buddha's lesson focused on a system of training that leads to perceptual understanding and overcoming suffering.1 The foundation of Buddhist meditation is the discipline of mindfulness; the fourth of the Four Noble Truths focusing on the origin of suffering and the path leading to ending pain.1
Mindfulness meditation is a mental training practice that helps bring one’s thoughts into the present, focusing on the sensations experienced at that moment instead of ruminating on past events or focusing on the future.2
Mindfulness is a learned behavior, and it takes practice and repetition to perfect. Some characteristics of mindfulness include:
- Attention to awareness of in-the-moment experiences
- Open, non-judgmental acceptance of one’s thoughts, feelings, and sensations
- Flexibility
- Being receptive to new data
- Multiple perspectives
- Process over outcome