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Determinging the Relationship Between Pavement Conditions and Accidents in Pitt County, NC
Problem and Objective
The city of Greenville, NC has asked me to find out if there is a correlation between pavement conditions and accidents in Pitt County, NC. They want to specifically look at Route 30000030, but the following procedure could be applied for any of the routes in the county. They also specify that they consider a well paved road to have a rating about 75%. Along with this I am to develop a customization of the ArcGIS Pro interface to streamline this process in the future.
Analysis Procedures
To complete this project, I used the ArcGIS Pro software. I specifically used the “Make Route Events Layer” tool, the “Overlay Route Events” tool, and the “Select by Attribute” tool. I also downloaded and used two add-in tools: “Identify Route Locations” and “Set From/To Measures.” For this project I used polyline layers that represented the routes in Pitt County; tables with information on accidents and pavement conditions; and polygon layers depicting city and county boundaries. This data was all provided by the city of Greenville, NC.
The first part of this process was to create a new interface to have all of the Linear Referencing tools located together. To do this I added a new ribbon to my ArcGIS Pro display and labeled it “Linear Referencing.” I then added three subgroups to this tab: routes, events, and add-in tools. I added the appropriate ArcGIS tools to the routes and events section. I then had to download and install the add-in tools from GitHub. Finally, I added these tools to the add-in tool subgroup.
The next step in the process was to use these tools to determine if accidents correlate to pavement conditions. To start this process, I added all of the data to the map. I then used the “Make Route Events Layer” tool twice: once to create a points layer from the accidents table, and once to create a line layer from the pavement table. I then used the “Overlay Route Events” tool, to connect the accidents event layer and the pavement event layer. This resulted in a new table and I then used the “Make Route Events Layer” tool again to create an event layer with this combined information. I was finally able to use the “Select by Attribute” tool to determine how many accidents happened on pavement that had a rating above and below 75%.
Results
The image to the left shows the custom "Linear Referencing" ribbon added to the ArcGIS Pro display. This can now be used to streamline the process used for this task.
The map to the left shows the accidents that occurred on routes throughout Pitt County, NC. From this I was able to determine which accidents occurred in the city of Greenville, NC and which accidents occurred on pavements with a rating less than 75%.
Application and Reflection
These linear referencing skills will be very useful in the GIS field. Below I describe an example situation where I would apply these new skills.
Problem Description
I work as a GIS analyst for a town and they are interested in knowing if there are clusters of drunk driving incidents. I use a similar procedure to above to determine if there are any clusters.
Data Needed
The town would need to provide me with information on were drunk drivers have crashed. I would also need a shapefile for the roads in the town and for the boundary of the city. I would be able to find this data from the TIGER/line geodatabase.
Analysis Procedure
Once the data is imported into ArcGIS Pro, I would use the "Make a Route Event Layer" tool with the table of information on were drunk drivers have crashed. I then could use the "Overlay Route Events" tool to connect that information to a the road layer. Finally, I would be able to display this information and determine if and where any clusters of drunk driving incidents occurred. The city would be able to put out more police in these areas.
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