Special Issues in Leadership

Gender & Ethnicity

• Lyness, K.S., & Thompson, D.E. (2000). Climbing the corporate ladder: Do female and male executives follow the same route? Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 86-101.
• Ryan, M.K., Haslam, S.A., Hersby, M.D., & Bongiorno, R. (2011). Think crisis-think female: The glass cliff and contextual variation in the think-manager-think male stereotype. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96, 470-484.
• Rosette, A.S., Leonardelli, G.J., & Phillips, K.W. (2008). The white standard: Racial bias in leader categorization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 758-777.
• Sy, Th, Shore, L.M., Strauss, J. et al. (2010). Leadership perceptions as a function of race-organization fit: The case of Asian-Americans. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95, 902-919.

Additional Resources (not required reading)

Gender

• Eagly, A.H. (2007). Female leadership advantage and disadvantage: Resolving the contradictions. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 31,1-12.
• Eagly, A.H., & Karau, S.J. (2002). Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders. Psychological Review, 109, 573-598.
• Eagly, A.H., Johanessen-Schmidt, M.C., & van Engen, E.L. (2003). Transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles: A meta-analysis comparing men and women. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 569-591.
• Haslam, S.A., & Ryan, M.K. (2008). The road to the glass cliff: Differences in the perceived suitability of men and women for leadership positions in succeeding and failing organizations. The Leadership Quarterly, 19, 530-546.
• Heilman, M.E., & Okimoto, T.G., (2006). Why are women penalized for success at male tasks? The implied communality deficit.Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 81-92.
• Hogue, M., & Lord, R. (2007). A multilevel, complexity theory approach to understanding gender bias in leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 18, 370–390.
• Mullins, A.K. The Effect of Leader Gender on the Relation Between Workgroup Performance and Subordinate Perceptions of Leader Effectiveness. Unpublished master's thesis.
• Watson, C., & Hoffman, L.R. (2004). The role of task-related behavior in the emergence of leaders: The dilemma of the informed woman. Group and Organization Management, 29, 659-685.

Ethnicity

• Caver, K.A., & Livers, A.B. (2002). Dear white boss. Harvard Business Review, 80(11), 76-81.
• Goldstein, H.W., Yusko, K.P., & Nicolopoulos, V. (2001). Exploring black-white subgroup differences of managerial competencies.Personnel Psychology, 54, 783-807.
• Scandura, T.A., & Lankau, M.J. (1996). Developing diverse leaders: A leader-member exchange approach. Leadership Quarterly, 7,243-263.
• Greenhaus, J.H. Parasuraman, S., Wormley, W.M. (1990). Effects of race on organizational experiences, job performance evaluations, and career outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 64-86.
• James, E.H. (2000). Race-related differences in promotions and support: Underlying effects of human and social capital. Organization Science, 11, 492-508.
• Tomkiewicz, J., Brenner, O.C., & Adeyemi-Bello, T. (1999). The impact of perceptions and stereotypes on the managerial mobility of African Americans. Journal of Social Psychology, 138, 88-92.
• Wilson, G., Sakura-Lemessy, I., West, J.P. (1999). Reaching the top: Racial differences in mobility paths to upper-tier occupations. Work and Occupations, 26, 165-186.