Methods and Tools for Leadership Research

Levels of Analysis

• Castro, S.L. (2002). Data analytic methods for the analysis of multilevel questions: A comparison of intraclass correlation coefficients, rwg(j), hierarchical linear modeling, with- and between- analysis, and random group resampling. Leadership Quarterly, 13, 69-93.

360 Degree Assessment

• Hoffman, B., Lance, C.E., Bynum, B., & Gentry, W.A.(2010). Rater source effects are alive and well after all. Personnel Psychology, 63,119-151.

Pattern-oriented Methods

• Foti, R.J., Bray, B.C., Thompson, N.J., & Allgood, S.E. (2012). Know thy self, know thy leader: Contributions of a pattern-oriented approach to examining leader perceptions. The Leadership Quarterly, 23, 702-717.

Qualitative Research Methods

• Bryman, A., Stephens, M., Campo, C. (1996). The importance of context: Qualitative research and the study of leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 7, 353-370.

Other Resources (not required reading)

• Foti, R.J., & Hauenstein, N.M.A. (2007). Pattern and variable approaches in leadership emergence and effectiveness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 347-355.
• Kempster, S., & Parry, K.W. (2011). Grounded theory and leadership research: A critical realist perspective. Leadership Quarterly, 22,106-120.
• Mumford, M.D., Zaccaro, S.J., Johnson, J.F., Diana, M., Gilbert, J.A., Threlfall, K.V. (2000). Patterns of leader characteristics: Implications for performance and development. Leadership Quarterly, 11, 115-133.
• Salam, S., Cox, J.F., Sims, H.P. Jr. (1997). In the eye of the beholder: How leadership relates to 360-degree performance ratings. Group and Organization Management, 22, 185-209.
• Scullen, S.E., Mount, M.K., & Judge, T.A. (2003). Evidence of the construct validity of developmental ratings of managerial performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 50-66.