The Earth is a giant magnet! Just like a bar magnet, it has a magnetic field that extends far into space, protecting us from harmful solar radiation. This field is generated by the movement of liquid iron in the Earth's core.
A magnetic field is an invisible area of force around a magnet. We can visualize it using magnetic field lines that show the direction and strength of the field. The lines always point from the magnetic north pole to the magnetic south pole. When these lines are closer together, the magnetic field is stronger.
Magnetic flux refers to the total number of magnetic field lines passing through a specific area. It's a way to measure the strength of the magnetic field over a given surface. The more lines that pass through an area, the greater the magnetic flux.
The equation for magnetic flux (ΦB) is:
Φ=BAcos(θ)
Where:
Φ is the magnetic flux, measured in Webers (Wb).
B is the magnitude of the magnetic field (or magnetic field strength), measured in Teslas (T).
A is the area of the surface, measured in square meters (m2).
θ is the angle between the magnetic field lines and the vector perpendicular to the surface area.
Quiz