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Chapter 1: Self, Family, and Community
Chapter 1: Self, Family, and Community
What do we know already?
What do we know already?
What does "healthy" mean to you?
What does "healthy" mean to you?
Considering health metrics:
Considering health metrics:
Salutogenesis
Dimensions of Wellness
Socioecological Model of Health
Socioecological Model of Health
Health Disparities:
Health Disparities:
avoidable inequalities, historical and contemporary injustices, and social determinants of health
Life expectancy doubled from the early 1900s to 2019, moving from about 47 years to over 78.8 years.
Life expectancy doubled from the early 1900s to 2019, moving from about 47 years to over 78.8 years.
Health Equity:
Health Equity:
when all people have the equal opportunity to attain their full health potential.
Geography
Ethnicity and Race
Socioeconomic status
Health Care
Age
Americans have greater health risks than individuals in 16 other high-income countries.
The Medical Model views health status as focused on the individual and their tissues or organs.
The Medical Model views health status as focused on the individual and their tissues or organs.
The Public Health Model views health as a result of the individual’s interactions with the social and physical environment.
The Public Health Model views health as a result of the individual’s interactions with the social and physical environment.
Health promotion
Disease prevention
Community Health Activities
Wellness and the Dimensions of Health
Wellness and the Dimensions of Health
How Does Behavior Change Occur?
How Does Behavior Change Occur?
Health Belief Model
Health Belief Model
A belief is an appraisal of your relationship to some object, action, or idea.
A belief is an appraisal of your relationship to some object, action, or idea.
Perceived susceptibility
Perceived seriousness of consequences
Perceived benefits of specific action
Perceived barriers to taking action
The HBM holds that a healthy behavior change is more likely if:
The health problem is perceived to be serious
The individual perceives that the health problem poses a threat
Benefits of the action are perceived
Barriers are perceived less important than benefits
There are cues to action
Transtheoretical Model
Transtheoretical Model
Stages of Change
Stages of Change
Identify a target behavior.
Learn more about the target behavior.
Assess your motivation and readiness to change.
Develop self-efficacy.
Cultivate an internal locus of control.
Use strategies such as shaping and countering.
Anticipate barriers to change.
Create benchmarks
Examine your current health habits and patterns:
Examine your current health habits and patterns:
Determinants:
predisposing factors - knowledge and/or attitude factors in your life that will increase or decrease your motivation for pursuit of that positive health behavior (reasons for making a positive change).
enabling factors - resources and/or skills that facilitate or impede any action based on their degree of availability; skills you already have, resources you have access to; can also be barriers that encourage negative behaviors that contribute to health behavior.
reinforcing factors - support and potentially reward any action taken (tangible or as simple as encouragement from a loved one). Even the internal locus of control that drives your motivation and creates a sense of achievement for goals accomplished can be a positive reinforcing factor.
RESEARCH!
RESEARCH!
Search for well-established, professionally peer-reviewed journals using the PCC Library Webpage. Look for websites sponsored by an official government agency, a university or college, or a hospital/medical center. These websites typically have a .edu, .org., or a .gov extension.
Search for well-established, professionally peer-reviewed journals using the PCC Library Webpage. Look for websites sponsored by an official government agency, a university or college, or a hospital/medical center. These websites typically have a .edu, .org., or a .gov extension.
Create a goal using the SMART system.
Create a goal using the SMART system.
Unsuccessful goals are vague and open-ended. In contrast, successful goals are SMART:
Unsuccessful goals are vague and open-ended. In contrast, successful goals are SMART:
Specific
Specific
Measurable
Measurable
Action-oriented
Action-oriented
Realistic
Realistic
Time-oriented
Time-oriented
Using the SMART system:
Using the SMART system:
Tip: think of a measurable end goal that you would like, add in the action you could start that will get you there, and then think of when you will do this or have it completed by.
Tip: think of a measurable end goal that you would like, add in the action you could start that will get you there, and then think of when you will do this or have it completed by.
Moving forward this semester you will become proficient at:
Moving forward this semester you will become proficient at:
using the PRECEDE model to analyze your health behaviors
conducting credible research
assembling succinct SMART goals for health behavior change
creating a personal action plan for health behavior change
ALWAYS use your course assignment guide to help you with your work: Click Here
Heredity
Heredity
Genome - complete set of a person's DNA. About 80% of DNA plays a role in regulatory functions.
You inherited one set of chromosomes from each parent.
Mutations - many are not harmful or beneficial. Others increase your risk for disease.
Multifactorial disorders - caused by genes, the environment, and health behavior interactions.
Nonmodifiable vs Modifiable risk factors.
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