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Rainfall -
Rainfall -
Every year, the Amazon rainforest receives torrential rainfall - between 1,500 mm and 3,000 mm.
Annual Temperatures
Annual Temperatures
Temperatures are warm all year round with temperatures from in the 72-93°F (22-34°C) range. The high temperatures of the Amazon are generated by cloud cover and high humidity.
Topography
Topography
Approximately 60% of the Amazon can be found in Brazil and the terrain of Brazil is mostly flat lowlands, but does contain some plains, hills, mountains, and a narrow coastal belt.
Soil Type
Soil Type
Three fourths of the soil in the Amazon is a clay-like soil that is reddish or yellowish. This soil is acidic and poor in nutrients.
The rest of the soil is made up of a type of soil called Terra preta that has a high concentration of charcoal.
Much of the soil is sandy but soil over certain volcanic rocks may be richer in nutrients and of a reddish appearance.
Light Availability
Light Availability
The rainforest has dense vegetation, often forming three different layers--the canopy, the understory, and the ground layer. These three layers make it incredibly hard for any light to even reach the ground's surface, so even if the Amazon recieves 12 hours of sunlight a day, only less than 2% of that sunlight ever reaches the ground.
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