PhotoVoice

Overview: PhotoVoice

Using photographs as data gives you two different types of information: (1) information provided by the photograph itself, and (2) information on the photographer’s perspective. The first type of information - information seen in the photograph - is similar to an observation. Make note of what someone chooses to photograph. The second type comes through a discussion with the photographer. Why did they take this photo? What was their thought process?

This method can be implemented using existing photographs. For example, you may use photos that your school, the district, or a student group has collected. Photography is often used as an art-based strategy by instructing respondents to take photos responding to a prompt. For example, you may ask students to take photos of interactions between students and teachers. The photos will give you two pieces of information. The first is still moment observations of interactions. You will be able to see momentary examples of what student-teacher interactions look like in your school. They will also give you information on the perspectives of the photographers. What types of interactions do they choose to photograph? Do these represent common interactions or interactions they feel it is important to see or both? The position of the photographer may also give you information- for example if they are far away or close to the scene, or if the scene seems to be candid or staged.

The analysis section on PhotoVoice linked below has more detailed tips for things to observe or think about when analyzing photos. As with other art-based data collection techniques, you may want to hold interviews or focus groups with photographers. You may also want to hold focus groups with groups of people who were not photographers to gather information on their interpretations of the photographs. You could ask what they see in the photos and how it relates to their experience.

Consider the following when designing a photography data collection protocol:

    • What photographs will you use? Do you want to use existing photographs or ask respondents to take photos?

    • Who will you ask to take photos? Do you want to include different social or demographic groups?

    • Be sure to provide all materials to photographers. Disposable cameras are a useful tool and helpful in ensuring confidentiality. You may also allow photographers to use phone cameras and upload pictures to a shared folder. Be sure to consider confidentiality, the nature of photographs, and access to any digital media when making the decision to allow photographers to use their own phone. Will photographs have sensitive subject matter? How important is the risk that others may gain access to the data?

    • Provide a consent form for photographers that explains that the photos are to be used for research, which means they are to be kept confidential (they should not share the photos with others) and will belong to the research team.

PhotoVoice Resources

One YPE team collected photos over Seesaw.

Seesaw is a free, school appropriate “Facebook” for schools to use. Pictures can be taken, uploaded, “liked”, and commented on only by students and staff in the school. It’s a great way to gather information from other staff and students using PhotoVoice and technology!