Melting is a change in the state of water from a solid to a liquid due to heat gain.
The melting point of ice is 0°C.
Freezing is a change in the state of water from a liquid to a solid due to heat loss.
The freezing point of water is 0°C.
Experiment conducted in our lab with datalogger
Experiment conducted using thermometer
Graph generated by datalogger
Freezing and Melting Graphs
*To emphasize: flat straight lines - constant temperature during change of state
Exit Card
How does exposed surface area affect rate of heat gain/melting?
Answers:
Crushed ice. It has more exposed surface area to the surroundings [1] so it will gain more heat [1] and melt faster.
It has a greater exposed surface area to the drink [1],
thus hollow ice gains more heat [1] OR the drink loses more heat to the ice [1] and cool down faster.
*Teaching Tip!*
To explicitly teach the term "exposed surface area":
Fold 2 pieces of paper once and twice. Colour the exposed parts and unfold --> uncoloured parts shows the areas that are not exposed.
MORE surface area exposed to the SURROUNDINGS/ DRINK
MORE heat gained by ice
melts FASTER
*comparison*
Incomplete answer:
Did not link the air gaps to the increased exposed surface area
Did not make comparisons
Condensation is a change in the state of water from a gas to a liquid due to heat loss.
Exit Card
Fog: tiny water droplets
Answers:
Water from the hot shower evaporates into warm water vapour [1], which loses heat to the cool mirror and condenses as tiny water droplets (fog) [1].
After some time, the water droplets on the mirror gain heat and evaporate into water vapour.
Part (a)
-wrong 'hotter place' identified( hot shower). It should be (warm water vapour) from the surrounding air.
-wrong 'colder place' identified (surrounding air). It should be the cooler surface of the mirror.
Boiling is a change in the state of water from a liquid to a gas due to heat gain.
The boiling point of water is 100°C.
Like boiling, evaporation is a change in the state of water from a liquid to a gas due to heat gain.
Evaporation can take place at any temperature (0-100°C).
The rate of evaporation is higher when the surrounding temperature is higher, if wind is present, and when the exposed surface area is larger.
Boiling Experiment
Evaporation & Condensation
Eureka - Evaporation & Condensation
Part 1: Difference between dry and wet
Body lost heat to the water on his body due to evaporation --> feel cold
Part 2: Effect of wind
Body lost more heat to the water on his body as wind increases the rate of evaporation --> feel colder
Changing water
How Stuff works - Changes of State in Matter
Notes to describe the change of state for each process
The water cycle is the continuous movement of water from the Earth, to the sky and back to the Earth.
Heat from the Sun causes water to evaporate and form water vapour.
As the water vapour rises to the sky, it cools and condenses into water droplets to form clouds.
Water droplets fall from the clouds as rain.
In a water cycle, water changes from one state to another.
Evaporation and condensation are the two important processes that enable the water cycle to take place.
The water cycle provides living things with a continuous supply of water.
Water Cycle Song (Hopscotch)
Water Cycle Song (Taylor Swift Blank Space)
The Singapore Water Story (4 taps)
Marina Barrage