This robot is fully autonomous. It doesn't need magnets or anything else on the ground to move. It can detect and avoid obstacles.
A mobile robot is a robot that has the capability to move independently around its environment. It is not fixed to one physical location.
Robots are used in place of humans to perform tasks that are dangerous, repetitive and high-precision, and unpleasant.
• Dangerous
Robots are able to perform tasks in dangerous conditions. For example, they can handle nuclear and radioactive chemicals for different purposes, including inspection and maintenance of nuclear power plants, environmental clean-ups and the processing of certain drugs.
• Repetitive and high-precision
One extensive use of robots is in assembly line work in the manufacturing industry. When properly calibrated, they are capable of performing repetitive tasks with consistent accuracy.
• Unpleasant
Robots perform tasks that may be tedious and unpleasant. These tasks include welding and painting work, which are necessary in the construction industry.
• get information from its surroundings
• do something physical, such as moving or manipulating objects
For a robot to be autonomous, it must contain certain basic functional blocks that enable it to respond to its surroundings. The basic functional blocks of a mobile robot are Sensing, Decision Making and Motion Control.
Sensing
Sensors are like the human sensory organs. They help mobile robots gather information from the environment. For example, a tape-guided vehicle may have optical sensors to detect the presence of reflective tape, while an obstacle-avoidance robot may have feelers or whiskers to detect obstacles.
Decision making
In a tape-guided vehicle, a logic circuit may be used to make simple decisions. For example, a tape-guided vehicle can choose to turn left, turn right or go straight based on the position of the tape detected.In more sophisticated robots, microcontrollers are required to handle complex decision making and programming. Complex decisions in robots typically involve several factors, and hence need more computation and more complicated programming.
Motion control
A variety of electric motors may be used to allow robots to move materials, parts,tools or specialized devices with various programmed motions.