Guidance from the Adventure Heroines

RESEARCH DOCUMENT: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1tCfoy2xmF8ns2Aq3CrfUMBmEIeQ-qS04/copy 

Guidance from the Adventure Heroines

To aid you on this quest, we’re providing key insights and real-world applications for each component of Earth's layers. Use this information to enrich your game or storyboard with movie:

Earth's Layers - What makes up the Earth?

• Crust - Thin, solid rocky outer layer of Earth where organisms live and interact with other spheres. minerals, and soil. It is often compared to a thin shell. Geologists study the tectonic plate action occurring in the crust and it's impacts on earthquakes, landform creation, etc. and the impacts on the ecosystems affected. 

• Mantle- The hot, semi-solid rock (magma) rich in iron and magnesium. This is the thickest layer under the crust,  it slowly flows and moves the crust above it moving the tectonic plates above. Volcanologists and seismologists study how movement in the mantle causes volcanoes, earthquakes, and other geological processes. 

• Outer Core- The next layer made of liquid iron and nickel. A hot, swirling metal layer that surrounds the inner core. Its movement creates Earth’s magnetic field. Geophysicists study magnetic fields and how Earth’s interior affects them as well as the importance of these magnetic fields on Earth Systems.

• Inner Core - The dense, solid center. A sphere of solid iron and nickel — extremely hot, very dense, and under great pressure. Earth scientists and planetary scientists use computer models to study Earth’s deep interior and how it formed. 

The Rock Cycle: 

• Igneous Rocks- Formed when magma or lava cools and hardens — either deep underground or after a volcanic eruptions. They can break down into sediments to form sedimentary rocks or can change under heat and pressure to become metamorphic rocks. Volcanologists study igneous rocks to understand how volcanoes form and erupt. Geologists use igneous rocks to learn about Earth’s interior and past volcanic activity. Igneous rocks like granite and basalt are used in construction and countertops.

• Sedimentary Rocks - Made from layers of sediments (sand, silt, and bits of other rocks) that compact and cement together over time. They can be buried and heated to become metamorphic rocks or can melt deep underground to later form igneous rocks. Paleontologists study fossils found in sedimentary rocks to learn about ancient life.
  Environmental scientists study sedimentary layers to track climate and pollution changes over time. Rocks like limestone and sandstone are used in building materials and roads.

• Metamorphic Rocks - Formed when existing rocks (igneous or sedimentary) are changed by heat, pressure, or chemical processes without melting. If they melt, they become magma, which can cool into igneous rocks. They can also be changed through weathering and erosion that can break them into sediments to later become sedimentary rock. Geotechnical engineers study metamorphic rocks for construction stability and mountain formation. Metamorphic rocks like marble and slate are used in flooring, art, and roofing.
  
  

Geosphere: The Solid Earth Beneath Us

• Engineering and Construction: Engineers study the geosphere to find safe, stable locations for constructing buildings, bridges, and roads. They use knowledge of the Earth's crust to predict and reduce the impacts of natural disasters like earthquakes.

• Mining and Resources: Geologists explore the crust to find valuable resources such as minerals, metals, and fossil fuels. These resources are crucial for technology, industry, and our daily lives.

• Soil and Agriculture: Farmers rely on understanding soil composition and the geosphere to grow crops effectively and manage land sustainably. Healthy soil is essential for producing the food we eat.

Hydrosphere: The World of Water

• Water Management: Scientists monitor the hydrosphere to manage water resources for drinking, agriculture, and industry. Understanding the water cycle helps in predicting droughts and floods, crucial for planning and safety.

• Marine Biology and Fisheries: Marine biologists study ocean layers and currents to protect marine life and manage fisheries sustainably. Our oceans are vital for biodiversity and human livelihoods.

• Climate Studies: Hydrologists examine how water bodies interact with the atmosphere to understand weather patterns and climate change, which affect ecosystems and human activities.

Atmosphere: The Blanket of Air Around Us

• Weather Forecasting: Meteorologists study the atmosphere to predict weather and warn about severe conditions, helping communities prepare for storms, hurricanes, and heatwaves.

• Aviation: Pilots and engineers rely on knowledge of atmospheric layers for safe air travel. Understanding conditions at different altitudes is essential for navigating and managing flights.

• Environmental Protection: Scientists monitor atmospheric changes to tackle issues like air pollution, ozone depletion, and greenhouse gas emissions, safeguarding health and the environment.
  
  

Biosphere : The BIOME of Life On Earth

• Biologists: Biologists study the ecosystems of Earth, living organisms, biotic and abiotic factors, and how living things interact with each other and their abiotic factors in their environment.  

• Sustainable Engineering: Sustainable Engineering  monitor the biosphere, consider life cycles and systems, renewable energy sources, ways to reduce waste and pollution, and create long lasting systems to balance the needs of the present organisms in a ecosystem with those of future generations. 

• Environmental Protection: Scientists monitor changes to ecosystems and and the biotic and abiotic factors involved to tackle issues like air pollution, ozone depletion, and greenhouse gas emissions, safeguarding health and the environment.

Helpful Resources: 

EARTH LAYERS:

https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/geography/physical-geography/structure-of-the-earth/ 

https://www.snexplores.org/article/explainer-earth-layer-layer 

EARTH SYSTEMS/ SPHERES:

https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/earths-systems/ 

https://www.generationgenius.com/earths-spheres-for-kids/ 

ROCK CYCLE

https://ugc.berkeley.edu/background-content/rock-cycle/ 

https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/rock-cycle/ 

https://www.learner.org/wp-content/interactive/rockcycle/rockdiagram/ 

STORY BOARD TEMPLATE EXAMPLES: (THERE ARE A LOT OF TEMPLATES ON CANVA)