Unit 1: Expectations, Leaf Collections, Scientific Method and Experimental Design

Unit  2: Introduction to Cells, Microscopes and Magnification 

Questions: 

1. What are the distinguishing features of living organisms- prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
2. What are the important features of a light microscope and how do you calculate the magnification of the image they produce?
3. How do plant and animals cells compare under the microscope?

Online Text: Page 39-48 and 63-64

Labs: 

Lab 4: Magnification Lab - Convex Lens,  Lab - Convex Lenses [v6.0].cwk

Lab 5: Letter “e”

Lab 6: Onion Cell

Lab 7: Plant Cells

Lab 8: Animal Cells

Lab 9: Pond Water

Lab 10: Stomata 

Unit 3: Identifying Organelles

Question: What features of cells can be identified using an electron microscope?

Online Text Page 49

Lab 12: Construction of Organelles with Playdough 

Lesson 13: The Structure of  Membranes

Question: What are the key components of a cell membrane?

Online Text Page 50-51

Lab 14: Print out the page and cut and assemble the Membrane. Page 51

Lab 15: Magic Sand: Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic

Lab 16: Properties of Water- Polar and Pennies

Lab 17: Possible - Construct a Model Membrane 

Lesson 18: The Structure of  Membranes: What is Diffusion? What is an Ion Pump, Active Transport?

Question: What are factors that affect the rate of the diffusion of a particle from one area to another?

Online Text Page 54-55, Page 61, 62

Lab 19: Simple Diffusion Across a Membrane pg 54 

Lesson 20: The Structure of  Membranes: Osmosis in Cells?

Question: How is the Movement of Water affected by solutions containing High and Low Solute Concentrations with a partially permeable membrane?

Online Text: pg 56

Lesson Lab 21: Estimating Osmolarity- AP Biology Lab Possible 

Lesson 22: The Structure of Membranes: Diffusion and Cell Size?

Question: 

• How does surface area to volume ratio affect the rate substances diffuse into the cell’s center?

• How do circulatory and respiratory systems work together to provide the body's tissues with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide? Page 91-92

• How do the circulatory and respiratory systems interact with each other to provide the body with nutrients?

• What are the different parts of the plant organ system?

• How do the shoot and root systems of a plant interact to balance water uptake and loss so that the plant can maintain the essential functions of life?

Online Text: pg 57-58, 91-92

Lesson Lab 23: Surface Area to Volume Ratio Paper Lab

Lesson Lab 24: Estimating Osmolarity- AP Biology Lab Possible 

Lesson 25: The Structure of  Membranes: How Shape Affects Diffusion

Question: How does shape affect the surface area to volume ratio and how does this affect how substances diffuse into the cell??

Online Text: pg 59

Lab 26: How Shape Affects Diffusion into Cells 

Lesson 27: Major Dissections

Question: Can I identify the systems and organs and explain how they are related in the fitness of the organism?

Lab 28: Nightcrawler 

Lab 29: GrassHopper

Lab 30: Cow Eyes

Lab 31: Crayfish

Lab 32: BullFrog

Lab 33: Fetal Pig 

Lesson 34: What is DNA?

Question: 

What does DNA do in the cell, and what does it look like when extracted?

What are the structure and function of nucleotides and what are their functions?

What are the differences between DNA and RNA and what are their functions in the cell?

How does the base pairing rules affect the way nucleotides join together to form DNA?

Page: 67 -72

Online Text: pg 65 - 71

Lab 35: Polymers- Building Amino Acids and Pg 75 Bird Book

Lab 36: DNA Extraction pg 66

Lab 37: Modeling DNA- Paper lab

Lab 38: Modeling DNA- 3D 

Lesson 39: Genes Code for Proteins - Transcription and Translation

Question: 

• What are genes? 

• What is the relationship between genes and proteins?

• What is transcription?

• What is translation?

• How did scientists discover which 3 amino acids code for which protein?

• How does the sequence of amino acids determine the protein's shape and function?

• How does modeling help us to understand the structure of a protein?

• What kinds of proteins are found in the human body and what are their roles?

• ANCHOR Phenomenon: How does the wood frog survive the freezing winter?

Page: 73 - 81, 288-289

Lesson DNA transcription and translation   McGraw Hill

Lesson https://content.dnalc.org/content/c16/16905/16905_transcription_advanced.mp4

Lesson RNA's role in the cell, James Watson :: CSHL DNA Learning Center

Lesson 3D Animations - Transcription & Translation: RNA Splicing - CSHL DNA Learning Center

Lesson https://content.dnalc.org/content/c16/16904/16904_translation_advanced.mp4

Review and Summing Up: 291-292 

Lesson 40: Phenomenon - The Power to Rebuild

Question: 

• How can Axolotls have such superpowers of regeneration and be able to regrow amputated limbs, damaged spinal cord and even parts of their brain?

Online Page: 130

Watch the video and have discussions.

The Insane Biology of: The Axolotl

Lesson 41: DNA Replication & Growth and Development of Organisms

Question: 

• How do multicellular organisms develop from a single cell to produce genetically identical copies?

• How is DNA in a cell copied before mitosis can take place?

• What are the Details of DNA Replication?

• How do we know DNA is Semi-conservative?

• What are the 3 primary functions of mitosis?

• Explain the Cell Cycle.

• Explain the process of Mitosis which is part of the eukaryotic cell cycle in which the replicated chromosomes are separated and the cell divides.

• How can I model the stages of mitosis?

• How do many differentiated types of cells arise during the development of an embryo?

• How do related cell types come together to form tissues?

• What are genes and what are they made of? Pg 284- 287 Chromosomes

Online Page: 131-144, 147-149, 284

Watch the video and have discussions.

DNA Replication 3D Animation

DNA replication animation (courtesy of HHMI biointeractive)

Mitosis and the Cell Cycle: Crash Course Biology #29

Real Cell Mitosis - video Dailymotion

How DNA is Packaged (Advanced)

Lesson Lab 23: Modeling Mitosis with Beads

Lesson: Review Understanding and Summing Up Page 147-149

Lesson 42: Chapter 11- Meiosis

Question: 

• What is meiosis and how does it produce haploid cells for sexual reproduction?

• How is variation introduced into the gametes formed during meiosis?

Online Text: Page 

Discussion: 

Lab 43: Modeling Meiosis with Beads

Lab 44: Modeling Meiosis with Popsicle Sticks 

Lesson 45: Chapter 11- Variation of Traits

Question: Anchoring Phenomenon- 

• What is albinism and how common is it?

• Anyone for Chocolate? Can we get a chocolate lab from black parents?

• What are some variations in chicken combs?

Online Text: Page 293-294

Discussion: Lab Breeds, Chicken Combs and Albinism- Variation in Populations

• Animais albinos, albino animals, albinismo, albinism

• Types of Chicken Combs 🐔 | Rooster | Poultry | Hen

Lesson 46: Chapter 11- Variation of Traits

Question: 

• What are traits and how are they passed down from one generation to the next?

• What are alleles and what determines whether a trait will be passed from an organism to its offspring?

• Why is variation in a population or species important and what strategies do both sexual and asexually reproducing species have to increase variation?

• What are some ways in which variation arises?

• What is the difference between continuous and discontinuous variation and what is the difference between quantitative and qualitative traits?

• How does parental genotype affect the outcome of a cross?

• How can you use a testcross to determine an individual's genotype?

• How can we use a monohybrid cross to determine the inheritance pattern of one gene and what are the predictable ratios of the offspring?

• How can we use a dihybrid cross to study the inheritance patterns of two unlinked genes and what are their predictable ratios?

Online Text: Page 295-300, and 317-329

Activities:

• Practice Monohybrid Cross

• Practice Dihybrid Cross

• Practice test cross in Online Text

• Practice Codominance Blood Type and Morning Glories

• PTC Paper Class Test

Lesson 47: Chapter 12- Evidence  for Evolution

Question: 

• Anchoring Phenomenon - Dinosaur or Bird?

• Where does evidence for evolution come from?

• How are all groups of organisms related to each other?

• How can the fossil record be used for evidence of evolution?

• Where are the transitional fossils that should be present to support evolution?

• How do homologous structures indicate the relationship between organisms?

• How are DNA sequencing and comparison, and the use of computer databases, be used to locate evidence for evolution?

• How can protein homology and embryo development be used as support for evolution?

Online Text: Page: 331-343

Activities:

Lesson 48: Natural Selection 

Question: 

• Anchoring Phenomenon: How is poaching causing African elephants to be born without their tusks?

• How does natural selection act as a mechanism for evolution?

• How do adaptations provide an advantage when selective pressures are applied to a population?

• What are adaptations and how are they classified?

• Why do similar unrelated species often evolve similar adaptations to overcome environmental challenges?

• How did studying the Galapagos finch beaks provide evidence for evolution by natural selection?

• How does natural selection act upon the color of rock pocket mice?

• How does the change in environmental selection pressure affect the coat color in a deer mouse population?

• How does the application of insecticides act as a strong selection pressure on insects?

• How can we use a computer model to simulate changes in gene pool due to natural selection?

Online Text: Page: 346-362

Activities:

Lab 49: Natural Selection M&Ms pg 350

Lab 50: Natural Selection Deer Mouse pg 358

Lab 51: Natural Selection Computer Simulation Geen Pool pg 360