Feedback refers to information provided by a teacher, peer, or self-assessment about a student's performance in relation to learning goals. It guides students on what they are doing well and where they can improve.

Effect Size:

John Hattie’s research identifies Feedback with an effect size of 0.70. This places it among the most impactful strategies for improving student achievement​ (ASCD) ​(YouTube).

Summary:

• Timely and Specific: Effective feedback is given promptly and is specific, addressing particular aspects of a student’s work that can be improved or celebrated.

• Constructive: Feedback should be constructive and actionable, providing students with clear steps to enhance their understanding or skills.

• Student-Centered: When students receive feedback that is focused on their learning process (rather than just the result), it encourages them to engage deeply with their own progress.

• Supports Growth Mindset: Feedback helps cultivate a growth mindset by emphasizing improvement over time and effort over innate ability.

• Enhances Self-Regulation: Effective feedback enables students to reflect on their own learning, helping them to self-correct and take ownership of their development.

In classrooms, feedback is most impactful when it is clear, goal-oriented, and used to support student learning through multiple iterations of improvement.