In the study of BAFS, the focus for learning must be on seeking meaning rather than simply reproducing knowledge. Students should develop knowledge through active learning instead of passively taking in factual information; and they should be encouraged to call upon a wide range of sources of knowledge rather than just the teacher.

In the learning process, students need to construct their knowledge by reflection, exploration, analysis, carrying out tasks and evaluation, thereby nurturing their capacity for learning how to learn

Student learning should be viewed as an active, holistic and purposeful process of acquiring and constructing knowledge. Students are expected to learn interactively and initiate learning activities which articulate with their learning needs. They have to move from being passive listeners to becoming independent learners who engage in the construction of their own knowledge.