Nouns identify people, places, things, and ideas. Nouns can be categorized as either common or proper. Common nouns name general people, places, things, and ideas, while proper nouns name specific people, places, things, and ideas.
Examples of common nouns - continent, teacher, brother
Examples of proper nouns - Europe, Mrs. Gresco, Bill
Verbs
A verb is a word used to describe an action and is the main part of the predicate of a sentence.
Adjective
An adjective is a word that modifies or changes a noun to make it more specific.
The words "dark" and "baleful" in "the dark, baleful sky" are adjectives.
Adverb
An adverb is a word that modifies or changes a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
The word “carefully” in "drive carefully” is an adverb.