The Art of Devotion is now on display in the Bulmash Exhibition Hall in Chalmers Library!
Mary, mother of Jesus Christ, also known as the Theotokos in the Byzantine tradition, is the primary intercessor for the devout. Believing she could converse with God on their behalf, worshippers sought a connection to the divine through her icons, forging her into the most popular subject of icons of any media. In many of these images, Mary serves as a figure with whom worshippers can build their own relationship; in two of the icons displayed in this case, she bears the baby Jesus, whose hand appears in the shape of a blessing. This iconography of the Hodegetria (she who shows the way) pervades both personal and public devotional objects which would have been worn, displayed, and interacted with. The pendant and the triptych wing depict Mary on her own, allowing her to take center stage in her own story and relationship to the viewer. All of these objects represent the familiar form of the Virgin Mary; however, each depiction takes cultural liberties to reflect what the owners of these objects valued about her in various temporal and cultural spheres.
Featuring four painted panels with Christian religious figures, this painted wooden pendant positions the Virgin Mary and Christ at the “heart” of the piece on the central panel. It opens multiple doorways into conversations with saints — including Saint George, the patron saint of Ethiopia, charging forward on horseback, the ascetic Saint Gäbrä Mänfäs Qeddus, and Saints Abba Täklä Haymanot and Abba Ewosṭatewos, founders of monastic communities in Eritrea and Ethiopia, respectively — offering numerous points of iconographic intercession. Designed as a compact and portable shell, this pendant allows for greater functionality for personal and devotional contemplation.
This revetment, featuring both the Virgin Mary and Christ, would have covered a painted depiction of these two figures with their faces shown through the openings. Its silver material added aesthetic value and removable wealth to the icon as well as demonstrating the intense religious devotion of the person who paid for this adornment.
This clasp, previously worn as a piece of jewelry, features an image of Mary, the Mother of God, on one side. Through its touching of the skin, the silver clasp adorned the wearer with Mary’s icon and allowed for a multitude of connections between the holy figure and the wearer. This clasp was a way for its owner to carry the Mother of God on their body at all times and, through touch and sight, always be reminded of her presence.
Participating in a story that centers on her, without her child present, Mary, Mother of God, is given her own visual narrative. The blue rays coming down to her tilted head shift Mary’s gaze, but she keeps her body frontally positioned and connected to the viewer. Her head, tilted in awe, is concerned with an outside force, but her frontally-positioned body pulls her viewer in and maintains focus. During the Annunciation, Mary is interrupted in the act of spinning thread, removing her focus from us to the event at hand. By centering the Virgin Mary in the Annunciation, this icon is present at a Biblical event while achieving the icon’s job of engaging with the viewer.
The information on this page was provided by Elizabeth Redmond, Emma Kang, Phoebe Houser, and Alexis Whitney.